2025.05. 08 本文字数：2061，阅读时长大约3分钟 据哈佛大学肯尼迪政府学院消息，哈佛大学教授、"软实力"理论创始人、现代国际关系构建者约瑟夫 ·奈（Joseph S. Nye Jr.）于6日去世，享年88岁。 约瑟夫·奈最著名的学术贡献之一是与普林斯顿大学教授基欧汉（Robert Keohane）共同提出新自 由主义理论。上世纪80年代，他还提出了"软实力"（Soft Power）这一概念，用于描述国家在国际 舞台上的非军事影响力。 美国前国务卿布林肯（Antony Blinken）发文缅怀称："他的一生堪称精彩。鲜有人能像他一样为我 们的思想财富、对世界的理解以及美国在世界上的地位作出如此巨大的贡献。他是我以及许多人的朋 友和导师。" 美国对外关系委员会全球卫生高级研究员、美国西东大学外交与国际关系学院教授黄严忠向第一财经 记者追忆道，约瑟夫·奈在上世纪80年代末提出"软实力"理论体系，这一学术思想深刻影响了包括他 在内的众多学者。 学术和政策成就 约瑟夫·奈于1937年出生，成长于新泽西州一个小镇。他在普林斯顿大学攻读学士学位，随后作为罗 德学者在牛津大学学习，之后前往哈佛大学攻读博士学位。 ...

Core Insights - Joseph Nye, a prominent figure in international relations and the founder of the concept of "soft power," passed away at the age of 88, leaving a significant impact on the field of international affairs [1][3]. Academic and Policy Achievements - Joseph Nye was born in 1937 and had a distinguished academic career at Harvard University, where he taught for 60 years after earning his PhD in 1964 [3]. - He led the Belfer Center at Harvard from 1989 to 1993, conducting groundbreaking research on nuclear weapons control post-Soviet Union, which influenced U.S. policy on preventing "loose nukes" [3]. - As Dean of the Kennedy School from 1995 to 2004, he oversaw a 40% increase in faculty and the establishment of five new research centers [3]. - Nye co-authored "Power and Interdependence" in 1977, which laid the foundation for neoliberalism by analyzing the growing influence of multinational corporations and international organizations in global politics [3]. Soft Power Theory - Nye introduced the concept of "soft power" in the late 1980s, emphasizing the ability to attract and persuade rather than coerce, which he articulated in his book "Bound to Lead: The Changing Nature of American Power" [4]. - Soft power is described as the capacity to influence others through appeal rather than force, akin to the Chinese concept of "leading without commanding" [4]. Recent Commentary and Influence - Nye remained active in commenting on international affairs until shortly before his death, critiquing former President Trump's understanding of soft power and its implications for U.S. foreign policy [7]. - He argued that Trump's focus on coercive tactics undermined America's soft power, which is crucial for maintaining alliances and global influence [7]. - Nye maintained that soft power remains important, asserting that attractiveness can reduce the need for coercive measures in international relations [7][8].