Core Insights - The scale and intensity of R&D activities are critical indicators of a country's technological strength and core competitiveness, with China ranking second globally in R&D expenditure for 2024 at 36,326.8 billion yuan, following the United States [1] - The R&D expenditure intensity in China is 2.69%, placing it 12th in the world and surpassing the European Union's level of 2.13% [1] - Six provinces in China contributed significantly to R&D funding, each exceeding 200 billion yuan, collectively accounting for over half of the national total [1] Group 1: R&D Expenditure Rankings - The top ten provinces in R&D expenditure are also among the top ten in GDP, indicating a strong correlation between economic size and R&D investment [4] - In 2024, Jiangsu leads with R&D expenditure of 5,099.6 billion yuan, followed by Guangdong at 4,800.6 billion yuan, and Beijing at 3,278.4 billion yuan [5] - Notably, Anhui ranks ninth in R&D expenditure despite having a smaller economy compared to provinces like Hunan and Fujian, which are ranked lower [6] Group 2: R&D Investment Intensity - R&D investment intensity reflects the commitment and prioritization of innovation within provinces, with Anhui achieving an intensity of 2.76%, ranking just behind Jiangsu and Zhejiang [9] - In 2024, Beijing and Shanghai saw an increase in R&D expenditure intensity by 0.36 percentage points, leading the nation, while Tianjin experienced a decline from 3.48% to 3.44% [16] - Anhui's R&D investment intensity has increased by 0.14 percentage points, showcasing its strong focus on innovation despite economic pressures [16] Group 3: Long-term Trends and Contributions - Over the past decade, Anhui has shown significant growth in both R&D expenditure and intensity, surpassing several provinces and demonstrating a strong upward trend [10] - In 2023, Anhui's corporate R&D investment exceeded 100 billion yuan for the first time, contributing over 80% to the overall growth in R&D spending [13] - The commitment to R&D investment remains strong across many provinces, even amid global economic slowdowns, highlighting a focus on long-term innovation strategies [13]

R&D Funding Overview - In 2024, the total investment in research and development (R&D) reached 36,326.8 billion yuan, an increase of 2,969.7 billion yuan, representing a growth of 8.9% compared to the previous year [3] - The R&D investment intensity, measured as a percentage of GDP, was 2.69%, up by 0.11 percentage points from the previous year [3] - The per capita R&D funding, calculated based on full-time equivalent R&D personnel, was 480,000 yuan, an increase of 19,000 yuan from the previous year [3] R&D Funding by Activity Type - Basic research funding amounted to 2,500.9 billion yuan, growing by 10.7% year-on-year [3] - Applied research funding reached 4,305.5 billion yuan, with a growth rate of 17.6% [3] - Experimental development funding was 29,520.4 billion yuan, increasing by 7.6% [3] - The share of basic research funding in total R&D funding was 6.88%, up by 0.11 percentage points [3] R&D Funding by Entity - Enterprises accounted for 28,211.6 billion yuan in R&D funding, a growth of 8.8% [3] - Government research institutions contributed 4,231.6 billion yuan, increasing by 9.7% [3] - Higher education institutions provided 3,065.5 billion yuan, with an increase of 11.3% [3] - The proportions of R&D funding by entities were 77.7% for enterprises, 11.6% for government institutions, and 8.4% for higher education [3] R&D Funding by Industry - The high-tech manufacturing sector invested 7,668.9 billion yuan in R&D, marking a growth of 10.2% [4] - The R&D investment intensity in this sector was 3.35%, an increase of 0.24 percentage points [4] - Eight major industries in large-scale industrial enterprises invested over 100 billion yuan in R&D, accounting for 68.2% of total R&D funding in large-scale industrial enterprises [4] R&D Funding by Region - Six provinces and municipalities invested over 200 billion yuan in R&D: Guangdong (5,099.6 billion yuan), Jiangsu (4,597.5 billion yuan), Beijing (3,278.4 billion yuan), Zhejiang (2,901.4 billion yuan), Shandong (2,597.3 billion yuan), and Shanghai (2,343.7 billion yuan) [4] - Seven regions exceeded the national average R&D investment intensity, with Beijing at 6.58%, Shanghai at 4.35%, and Guangdong at 3.60% [4] Fiscal Science and Technology Expenditure - In 2024, national fiscal science and technology expenditure was 12,629.2 billion yuan, an increase of 633.3 billion yuan, representing a growth of 5.3% [5] - Central fiscal science and technology expenditure was 4,192.5 billion yuan, accounting for 33.2% of total national expenditure [5] - Local fiscal science and technology expenditure was 8,436.7 billion yuan, making up 66.8% of the total [5]