日前，国家统计局、科学技术部和财政部联合发布了《2024年全国科技经费投入统计公报》，国家统计 局社科文司首席统计师张启龙进行了解读。 一、研究与试验发展（R&D）经费稳定增长，投入强度持续提升 2024年，我国研究与试验发展（R&D）经费投入总量突破3.6万亿，达到36326.8亿元，比上年增长 8.9%，保持稳定增长趋势。"十四五"前四年，我国R&D经费年均增长10.5%，增速高于规划目标，在世 界主要经济体中居于前列。目前我国研究与试验发展（R&D）经费总量位居世界第二位，仅次于美 国，是日本（第三位）的3.5倍、德国（第四位）的3.7倍。研究与试验发展（R&D）经费投入规模持续 加大，为我国加快推进科技强国建设提供有力保障。 从投入强度看，2024年我国研究与试验发展（R&D）经费投入强度（R&D经费与GDP之比）为2.69%， 比上年提高0.11个百分点[1]，提升幅度快于"十四五"以来年均水平0.03个百分点，延续较快提升态势。 我国研究与试验发展（R&D）经费投入强度在世界上位列第12位，已经连续多年超过欧盟水平 （2.13%），并接近OECD国家平均水平（2.70%）。 二、企业创新主体地位稳 ...

2024年全国科技经费投入统计公报[1] 国家统计局 科学技术部 财政部 2025年9月29日 2024年，全国研究与试验发展（R&D）经费投入保持稳定增长，投入强度较快提升，基础研究投入取 得新突破，国家财政科技支出稳步增加。 合 计 一、研究与试验发展（R&D）经费情况 2024年，全国共投入研究与试验发展（R&D）经费36326.8亿元，比上年增加2969.7亿元，增长8.9%； 研究与试验发展（R&D）经费投入强度（与国内生产总值[2]之比）为2.69%，比上年提高0.11个百分点 [3]。按研究与试验发展（R&D）人员全时工作量计算的人均经费为48.0万元，比上年增加1.9万元。 分活动类型看，全国基础研究经费2500.9亿元，比上年增长10.7%；应用研究经费4305.5亿元，增长 17.6%；试验发展经费29520.4亿元，增长7.6%。基础研究经费所占比重为6.88%，比上年提升0.11个百 分点；应用研究和试验发展经费所占比重分别为11.9%和81.2%。 分活动主体看，各类企业研究与试验发展（R&D）经费28211.6亿元，比上年增长8.8%；政府属研究机 构经费4231.6亿元，增长9. ...

Core Viewpoint - China's total R&D expenditure has surpassed 3 trillion yuan, indicating a strong commitment to innovation and technology development, with a target of maintaining an annual growth rate of over 7% during the 14th Five-Year Plan period [2][4]. Group 1: R&D Expenditure Overview - In 2022, China's total R&D expenditure reached approximately 3.08 trillion yuan, marking a 10.11% increase from the previous year, and in 2023, it is projected to grow to about 3.34 trillion yuan, reflecting an 8.36% increase [2][4]. - The R&D expenditure intensity in 2022 was 2.54%, an increase of 0.11 percentage points from the previous year, achieving the target set in the 13th Five-Year Plan [4][6]. - By 2023, the R&D expenditure intensity is expected to rise to 2.65%, and further to 2.68% in 2024, continuing the trend of steady growth [4][6]. Group 2: Comparison with G7 Countries - In terms of R&D expenditure scale, China's R&D investment in 2022 was equivalent to 49.57% of that of the United States, maintaining its position as the second-largest globally [5][6]. - China's R&D intensity remains in the middle range among G7 countries, with 2022 figures showing it lagging behind the U.S., Japan, and Germany [6]. Group 3: Regional Disparities in R&D Investment - The gap in R&D expenditure between southern and northern regions of China has widened, with southern regions accounting for 67.21% of national R&D spending by 2023 [8][11]. - The central region's share of R&D expenditure has increased from 17.75% in 2020 to 18.20% in 2023, indicating a notable rise in its contribution [11][12]. Group 4: Leading Provinces in R&D Investment - Guangdong, Jiangsu, and Beijing continue to lead in R&D expenditure, with Guangdong and Jiangsu both surpassing 400 billion yuan in 2023 [13][14]. - The number of provinces exceeding 100 billion yuan in R&D expenditure has increased from 8 to 12 between 2020 and 2023, highlighting the rise of central provinces like Henan, Hunan, Anhui, and Fujian [13][14]. Group 5: Role of Enterprises in R&D - The proportion of R&D funding from enterprises has increased significantly, rising from 31.71% in 1995 to 79.02% in 2022, indicating a shift towards enterprise-led innovation [15][18]. - The execution of R&D funding has also shifted towards enterprises, with their share rising to 77.57% in 2022, while the roles of research institutions and universities have diminished [18][21]. Group 6: Government Support and Research Focus - Government funding for research institutions has decreased, while support for higher education institutions has increased, reflecting a strategic shift in funding priorities [20][21]. - Enterprises are primarily focused on experimental development, with a significant portion of their R&D funding directed towards internal activities, while universities are enhancing their role in basic research [23][25]. Group 7: Future Directions - The emphasis for China's R&D funding should shift from merely increasing scale to optimizing internal structures, promoting regional cooperation, and enhancing the role of universities and research institutions in fundamental research [27].