Core Insights - The research team from the Shanxi Coal Chemistry Research Institute and Peking University has achieved a breakthrough in iron-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalysts, achieving less than 1% carbon dioxide selectivity and over 85% olefin selectivity, providing new approaches for clean utilization of high-carbon resources [1][2]. Group 1: Research Breakthrough - The new catalyst allows for significant reduction in carbon dioxide emissions while enhancing olefin production, which is crucial for the chemical industry as olefins are key raw materials for synthetic fibers, rubber, and plastics [1]. - The traditional iron-based catalysts have multiple active sites leading to high carbon dioxide generation, which limits carbon utilization efficiency and olefin selectivity [1]. Group 2: Methodology and Techniques - The research team employed a trace halogenated alkane co-feeding strategy, utilizing advanced characterization techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption spectroscopy to effectively regulate the surface oxygen species and catalytic performance at the molecular level [2]. - This "molecular surgery" approach does not require changing the catalyst formulation but simply involves introducing trace halogens into the reaction system, achieving near-zero carbon dioxide emissions and high olefin selectivity [2]. Group 3: Future Directions - The research not only achieved dual breakthroughs in low carbon and high efficiency but also provided important theoretical insights into the activation and regulation mechanisms of halogens in the reaction, which will aid in understanding the microscopic reaction pathways of iron-based Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalysts [2]. - Future efforts will focus on scaling up the halogen regulation strategy for industrial applications and verifying long-term stability, promoting its use in coal-to-liquid, natural gas conversion, and biomass utilization, thereby supporting the transition of China's coal chemical industry towards a more efficient, low-carbon, and green direction [2].