Core Insights - The 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session emphasizes the need to accelerate the development of national strategic talent, particularly focusing on cultivating strategic scientists and leading technological talents to enhance innovation and core technology breakthroughs [1][3]. Talent Development Achievements and Challenges - China's strategic talent pool has seen significant growth in both scale and quality, with notable increases in the number of Chinese scientists listed in prestigious international rankings, indicating progress in attracting and nurturing top scholars [3]. - However, there are structural shortcomings in the talent pool, with a concentration of top talents in a few disciplines and a notable gap in strategic fields like life sciences and clinical medicine compared to developed countries [4]. New Ecosystem for Talent Attraction and Retention - A new ecosystem focusing on "attracting, nurturing, utilizing, and retaining" talent is essential, which includes reforming evaluation mechanisms to prioritize contributions and potential over traditional metrics like publications and degrees [6]. - Establishing high-level platforms for innovation, such as major scientific facilities and research institutions, is crucial for gathering and developing strategic talents [7]. - Creating a supportive environment that encourages innovation and tolerates failure is necessary to retain talent, including providing comprehensive services for personal and professional needs [8].