又逢年度"诺奖时刻"，日本得主再添两人：大阪大学教授坂口志文荣获生理学或医学奖，京都大学教授 北川进荣获化学奖。 尽管日本科学界因他们获奖而欢欣鼓舞，但在海外竞争日益激烈的背景下，这些荣誉也再次引发了日本 国内对留住顶尖研究人员能力的担忧。 香港英文媒体《南华早报》10月10日援引分析人士的话指出，此番获奖背后潜藏着日本科研人才流失的 严峻局面，比如科研资金不足、岗位缺乏保障以及科研机构僵化等问题，正在将优秀科研人员推向海 外，尤其是"出手阔绰"的中国。 日本学者坦言，中方能够提供更优渥的待遇、更宽松的科研环境和更尖端的设备，这些都是日本的大学 甚至私营企业所不及的。 【文/观察者网 柳白】 2025诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主坂口志文 视觉中国 今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了三位科学家，玛丽·E·布伦考、弗雷德·拉姆斯德尔和坂口志文。 尽管部分学者认为《产经新闻》的社论略显危言耸听，但他们一致认为，日本仍需采取更多措施推动科 研发展，因为其他财力更雄厚的国家正积极试图挖走顶尖人才。 根据诺贝尔奖委员会的说明，坂口志文及其团队的主要贡献，在于发现并定义了一类"调节性T细胞 （Tregs）"。这类细胞能帮助维持免 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the significant talent drain from the U.S. scientific community due to budget cuts and restrictive immigration policies under the Trump administration, leading to increased recruitment efforts in China and Europe for top researchers [1][4]. Group 1: Talent Drain and Recruitment Trends - The number of international scholars applying for U.S. graduate or postdoctoral positions has sharply declined since Trump's administration, while applications from U.S. postdocs and graduates for overseas positions have surged [1][4]. - Data from "Nature Careers" indicates a 32% increase in U.S. scientists applying for overseas positions from January to March 2025 compared to the same period in 2024, with a 35% rise in domestic users browsing overseas job listings [4]. - In March 2025, the browsing volume for overseas positions increased by 68% year-over-year, reflecting the growing interest in international opportunities [4]. Group 2: Impact on U.S. Research Institutions - The U.S. scientific system, which has historically relied on international talent, is facing a crisis as federal budget cuts and tightened immigration policies undermine its foundational support [4][10]. - A significant portion of researchers in key fields, such as defense, engineering, and life sciences, are international, with many now seeking opportunities abroad, leading to a potential loss of 30% of the workforce in some departments [10][11]. - Concerns are raised about the isolation of the U.S. from the international scientific community, as foreign scientists are increasingly reluctant to come to the U.S., affecting events and collaborations [10][11]. Group 3: Global Competition for Talent - Other countries, particularly China, are providing more stable career development opportunities for early-career scientists, which may attract top talent away from the U.S. [11]. - The U.S. National Academy of Sciences expresses concern that the current restructuring of the U.S. innovation engine may lead to a significant disadvantage compared to countries like China, which are not cutting their research budgets [11].