Core Insights - Over 30% of Nobel Prize winners in science this century are immigrants, but the international mobility of scientists and students is facing increasing obstacles [1][5] Group 1: Immigrant Contributions to Nobel Prizes - Since 2000, 202 Nobel laureates in Physics, Chemistry, and Physiology or Medicine have been identified, with 63 laureates having left their home countries before winning [1] - Among these, 65% of the scientists (41 individuals) moved to the United States, with others relocating to the UK and Germany [1] - In 2023, three new Nobel Prize winners in Physics were noted, with two being based in the US despite their foreign origins [1] Group 2: Historical Context and Current Trends - Historically, immigrants have played a significant role in the Nobel Prize landscape, with 40% of Nobel science awards in the US attributed to immigrants since 1901 [3][5] - The proportion of foreign winners in Physics is the highest at 37%, followed by Chemistry at 33% and Medicine at 23% [3] Group 3: Factors Influencing Immigrant Mobility - The high percentage of immigrant winners in Physics may be due to the field's reliance on expensive equipment, which is concentrated in a few leading countries [4] - The US has benefited significantly from international talent, with a notable increase in immigrant Nobel laureates from 22 awards between 1901-1959 to 96 awards from 1960-2025 [5] Group 4: Challenges to International Mobility - Recent policy changes in major study destinations like the US, Australia, Canada, and the UK have restricted international student admissions and visa issuance [6] - The Trump administration's cuts to research funding and new H-1B visa rules have further complicated the landscape for international researchers [6] Group 5: Future of Scientific Research Centers - The future location of the next Nobel Prize center remains uncertain, influenced by political, economic, and social factors that shape the research environment [7] - The success of research is not solely dependent on attracting star scientists but also requires substantial funding and time for institutional development [7]

又逢年度"诺奖时刻"，日本得主再添两人：大阪大学教授坂口志文荣获生理学或医学奖，京都大学教授 北川进荣获化学奖。 尽管日本科学界因他们获奖而欢欣鼓舞，但在海外竞争日益激烈的背景下，这些荣誉也再次引发了日本 国内对留住顶尖研究人员能力的担忧。 香港英文媒体《南华早报》10月10日援引分析人士的话指出，此番获奖背后潜藏着日本科研人才流失的 严峻局面，比如科研资金不足、岗位缺乏保障以及科研机构僵化等问题，正在将优秀科研人员推向海 外，尤其是"出手阔绰"的中国。 日本学者坦言，中方能够提供更优渥的待遇、更宽松的科研环境和更尖端的设备，这些都是日本的大学 甚至私营企业所不及的。 【文/观察者网 柳白】 2025诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主坂口志文 视觉中国 今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了三位科学家，玛丽·E·布伦考、弗雷德·拉姆斯德尔和坂口志文。 尽管部分学者认为《产经新闻》的社论略显危言耸听，但他们一致认为，日本仍需采取更多措施推动科 研发展，因为其他财力更雄厚的国家正积极试图挖走顶尖人才。 根据诺贝尔奖委员会的说明，坂口志文及其团队的主要贡献，在于发现并定义了一类"调节性T细胞 （Tregs）"。这类细胞能帮助维持免 ...