Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need for innovative practices in crop rotation to address the issue of straw burning and air pollution in southern China, while also enhancing the economic benefits of crop rotation [1] Group 1: Crop Rotation Practices - In Hunan Province, a "rice-mushroom rotation" model is being implemented, where rice straw is used to cultivate matsutake mushrooms after the late rice harvest, which reduces reliance on chemical fertilizers [1] - In Jiangxi Province, straw is utilized in outdoor settings to cultivate edible fungi, with the substrate being returned to the soil after cultivation [1] - The "rice + winter special cultivation" model has been practiced in Guangdong and Sichuan provinces, with some areas achieving higher income during the winter fallow period than from rice cultivation [1] Group 2: Management of Fallow Land - The article suggests that management of fallow farmland should not rely on a single approach but should encourage diversified operations through crop rotation, ensuring that farmland yields throughout different seasons while maintaining soil fertility [1] - Exploring solutions for straw disposal through innovative agricultural practices is highlighted as a valuable direction for future development [1]