2025年12月底，德国自2011年叙利亚内战以来，首次向叙利亚实施遣返措施。德国总理默茨此前公开表 示，叙利亚内战已经结束，德国继续给予庇护已不再具备理由，因此可以启动遣返程序。这一表态被视 为德国联邦政府收紧难民与庇护政策的重要信号。(完) 德国政府将此归因于一系列移民政策调整，包括在边境实施拒绝入境措施、暂停家庭团聚、取消"快速 入籍"，以及加大遣返力度。德联邦内政部长亚历山大·多布林特表示，德国正"以清晰且坚决的方式整 顿移民态势"，没有保护资格者不应入境，犯罪人员必须离境。德国已向世界释放出欧洲移民政策转向 的明确信号。 中新社柏林1月4日电 (记者 马秀秀)德国联邦内政部4日公布的数据显示，2025年德国收到的庇护申请数 量大幅下降。 数据显示，当年德国收到首次庇护申请约11.3万份，较2024年下降51%，较2023年下降66%。德国收到 的首次与后续庇护申请合计为168543份，同比下降32.8%，连续两年显著回落。2023年德国收到的首次 与后续庇护申请总数曾高达351915份。 ...

国际学生、临时工人等非永久居民的减少是造成加拿大人口下降的主要原因。 从开放吸引到逐年紧缩，加拿大移民政策"大转弯"的影响已经体现在人口数据上。 此外，加拿大自去年起暂停向部分私立学院和语言学校发放学签，强化对毕业后工签（PGWP）的申请 审核。在"配偶工签"上，加拿大政府1月宣布本科及以下学历国际学生的配偶不再自动获得工签，超200 个低技能或非紧缺职业岗位也不再符合"配偶工签"申请资格，相关措施大幅降低家庭整体移民吸引力和 可操作性。 加拿大总理卡尼此前承诺，到2027年底，要将非永久居民人数控制在全国总人口的5%以下。目前，非 永久居民人口数量为284.7万，约占总人口6.8%，较上季度的7.3%有所下降。 加拿大院校的吸引力下降 加拿大统计局17日发布的第三季度人口初步统计显示，截至10月1日，全国总人口较上一季度减少超7.6 万人，降幅为0.18%，目前加拿大人口略低于4160万人。 数据显示，该季度非永久居民减少17万人，创下1971年有纪录以来的最大降幅。其中，国际学生群体下 降幅度最大，仅持学习许可者和同时持有工作与学习许可者分别减少近7.4万人和6.8万人，仅持工作许 可者减少3.5万人。同 ...

Group 1 - The recent shooting incident involving National Guard members has prompted President Trump to escalate his stance on illegal immigration, proposing to indefinitely suspend immigration from third-world countries to restore the American system [1][2] - Trump linked the shooting to an immigrant who entered the U.S. from Afghanistan in 2021, criticizing the Biden administration's immigration policies for allowing unvetted individuals to enter the country [2] - The White House has taken immediate action by halting all immigration applications for Afghan citizens and reviewing green cards issued to individuals from 19 "concerned countries" [2] Group 2 - Over 32 million immigrants currently make up about one-fifth of the U.S. labor force, playing crucial roles in industries such as agriculture, construction, hospitality, and healthcare [3] - Research from the Dallas Federal Reserve indicates that a reduction in cross-border migration and the expulsion of immigrants could lower U.S. GDP growth by nearly 0.9 percentage points by 2025 [3] - In a scenario of mass deportation, where 1 million individuals are removed annually until the end of 2027, GDP growth could decline by 1.5 percentage points [3]

Core Insights - The Canadian government plans to double exports to markets outside the U.S. over the next decade, as announced by Prime Minister Carney in a speech at the University of Ottawa [2] - The economic strategy of Canada is shifting towards trade diversification and domestic production due to unprecedented pressure from U.S. trade protectionism [2] - A new immigration plan will be included in the upcoming budget, aligning immigration levels with the country's needs and capacity to accept newcomers [2]

Core Insights - The Federal Reserve's Beige Book indicates that U.S. economic activity has remained stable since September, with an increase in reported layoffs raising concerns about a softening labor market [1][2] - The report highlights rising costs due to tariffs, with the term "tariff" mentioned 64 times, a decrease from 100 mentions in the previous report [1] Economic Activity - Economic activity in most Federal Reserve districts is stable, with some areas reporting slight expansions or contractions [3] - The St. Louis district reports unchanged economic activity and employment levels, with labor shortages attributed to immigration policy changes [3] Employment Trends - An increase in the number of employers reducing staff due to weak demand and economic uncertainty is noted, alongside investments in artificial intelligence [1][2] - Job stability is reported in several districts, but concerns about future hiring persist due to economic uncertainty [3] Price Trends - Moderate price increases are observed across various districts, with some areas experiencing heightened cost pressures [3] - Inflation is reported to be eroding consumer purchasing power, particularly in the St. Louis district [3] Consumer Spending - Consumer spending shows slight growth in some districts, supported by middle to high-income households, but overall economic uncertainty dampens expectations for significant future growth [3]

Core Points - The recent announcement by President Trump to raise the H-1B visa application fee to $100,000 aims to ensure that the U.S. attracts high-skilled talent that cannot be replaced by American workers [1][3] - The sudden increase in visa fees has caused confusion, leading many H-1B visa holders to cancel travel plans and prompting companies to advise employees to return to the U.S. before the new policy takes effect [1][3] - The new policy is expected to significantly impact the U.S. technology sector, which heavily relies on H-1B visas to hire foreign professionals [6][8] Industry Impact - The H-1B visa is a temporary non-immigrant visa that allows U.S. companies to employ foreign professionals, primarily in the technology sector, to fill positions that are hard to staff domestically [6] - Major tech companies like Amazon, Microsoft, and Google are likely to be affected, as they depend on H-1B visas to hire software developers and other skilled workers [6][8] - In the 2024 fiscal year, 64% of approved H-1B visa applications were for computer-related positions, with construction, engineering, and education sectors following [6] Company Concerns - Amazon is the largest employer of H-1B visa holders, with over 9,000 approvals in the 2024 fiscal year, while other tech giants also have significant numbers of approvals [8] - Smaller companies and startups may find the $100,000 fee prohibitive, potentially hindering their ability to hire foreign talent and reducing competitiveness in the tech sector [8] - The Indian IT industry, which heavily relies on H-1B visas, may need to adjust its strategy due to the new policy, as India accounted for 71% of H-1B visa approvals in 2024 [9]

Core Points - Japan is planning to significantly raise the application threshold for the "Business Management" visa, increasing the required registered capital from 5 million yen (approximately 240,000 RMB) to 30 million yen (approximately 1.44 million RMB), a sixfold increase [3][5] - A new mandatory condition will require applicants to employ at least one full-time employee [3] - The new regulations are expected to be implemented within the year after revisions to the provincial ordinance [3] Summary by Sections Current System - Under the current system, applicants only need to meet one of the following conditions: either have a capital of over 5 million yen or employ at least two full-time employees to obtain a residence permit valid for 3 to 5 years, which can be renewed [5] - The government believes that the current standards are too lenient compared to other countries, leading to potential abuse of the system [5] Purpose of the Visa - The visa system is intended to attract entrepreneurs and enhance international competitiveness, but it has faced criticism due to low application thresholds [5] - The authorities plan to consult with experts this month and advance the regulatory revision process to strengthen both capital and employment requirements, aiming to close loopholes in the system [5]

Core Points - The U.S. Department of Homeland Security is set to notify hundreds of thousands of immigrants that their work and living permits have been revoked, requiring them to leave the country [1] - The notification will affect nationals from Cuba, Haiti, Nicaragua, and Venezuela, who benefited from a parole program during the Biden administration [1] - Over 500,000 individuals from these four countries have benefited from the program, but it remains unclear how many have sought other forms of immigration relief during their time in the U.S. [1]

Core Viewpoint - The strong immigration policies implemented by the Trump administration are negatively impacting American businesses, particularly in agriculture and the hospitality industry, leading to labor shortages that are difficult to fill [1] Group 1: Impact on Industries - American farmers and those in the hotel and leisure sectors are expressing concerns that strict immigration policies are driving away skilled and long-term workers [1] - The inability to fill certain positions is becoming a significant challenge for these industries, indicating a potential risk to their operational efficiency and growth [1]