Core Viewpoint - The judicial protection of ecological environment resources in Liaoning Province has significantly contributed to the promotion of green and low-carbon development, with a focus on strict law enforcement against ecological crimes and innovative public interest litigation [1][2][3] Group 1: Judicial Achievements - Over the past five years, Liaoning courts have accepted 9,612 cases related to ecological environment resources and concluded 9,454 cases, providing high-quality judicial services for the construction of a beautiful Liaoning [1] - The courts have adjudicated 3,653 criminal cases related to environmental pollution and ecological destruction, and 2,190 civil cases promoting the rational development and utilization of natural resources [1][3] Group 2: Restorative Justice Approach - The courts have adopted a restorative justice approach, aiming to restore damaged ecological environments, resulting in the judgment of 482,000 trees planted, the release of over 130 million aquatic organisms, and the collection of over 93.88 million yuan for ecological restoration [2] - The courts emphasize a systematic protection and multi-party dispute resolution approach, facilitating timely resolution of environmental disputes [2] Group 3: Specialized Judicial Framework - Liaoning courts have established a specialized judicial framework for environmental resource protection, including the creation of an environmental resource trial court in 2020 and a comprehensive trial organization system covering the entire province [3] - Continuous improvement of specialized trial rules and collaboration with law enforcement and research institutions has enhanced the level of ecological environment resource judicial protection [3] Group 4: Case Studies and Public Awareness - The release of 10 typical cases in environmental resource trials has strengthened case law guidance and promoted environmental awareness and legal consciousness in society [4]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes the significance of the ecological environment code as the second law named "code" in China, following the Civil Code, which aims to protect the ecological environment through strict systems and legal frameworks [1] - The draft code consolidates existing ecological environment laws and summarizes effective practices into legal provisions, enhancing pollution prevention measures [1] - The draft suggests a coordinated governance approach for water, air, and soil pollution, highlighting the importance of multi-department collaboration for effective source prevention [1][2] Group 2 - The draft code addresses agricultural non-point source pollution, primarily caused by the use of fertilizers and pesticides, and suggests further regulations to tackle this issue [2] - A shift from single ecological element protection to a systematic protection approach is proposed, emphasizing the need for comprehensive ecological system protection [2] - The draft code includes a separate section on green low-carbon development, indicating a comprehensive approach to production and consumption processes, with a call for more detailed regulations on "green consumption" [3] Group 3 - Concerns regarding proportional penalties for environmental damage have been raised, with suggestions to ensure that penalties are appropriate to the severity of the violations [3] - The draft adopts a "moderate codification" model, creating a dual legal source structure of "code + individual laws," which requires careful coordination with other legal frameworks [3] - The drafting process encourages public participation and the incorporation of expert opinions to enhance the scientific and practical applicability of the law [3]