Core Viewpoint - A new high-sensitivity and high-specificity tuberculosis (TB) testing reagent has been developed by Zhang Wenhong's team, which can quickly and easily detect TB nucleic acids in tongue swabs, with a cost of less than $1 [3][5]. Group 1: Tuberculosis Overview - Tuberculosis remains a significant global public health issue, with over 10 million new cases and more than 1.5 million deaths annually, making it the leading infectious disease killer [3][5]. - The World Health Organization (WHO) reported a rise in TB diagnosis rates in 2023, with 8.2 million new confirmed cases, the highest since monitoring began in 1995, surpassing the 7.5 million cases in 2022 [3][5]. Group 2: Current Situation in China - China has transitioned to a medium TB incidence rate, but in 2022, there were an estimated 748,000 TB patients, accounting for over 7% of global cases, ranking third in the world [5][6]. - In Shanghai, the TB incidence rate is 20 per 100,000 people, indicating the need for continued efforts to eliminate the disease [5][6]. Group 3: Treatment and Prevention Strategies - TB is curable with standardized drug regimens, and prevention can be achieved through screening and vaccination [5][6]. - Zhang Wenhong's team has researched short-course treatment regimens, reducing the treatment duration for drug-resistant TB from 1.5-2 years to 6-9 months, making it accessible for impoverished regions [6].

Core Insights - Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global public health issue, with over 10 million new cases and more than 1.5 million deaths annually, making it the leading infectious disease killer worldwide [1][2] Group 1: New Diagnostic Development - A high-sensitivity and high-specificity TB diagnostic reagent has been developed by a team led by Zhang Wenhong, which can quickly and easily detect TB nucleic acids from tongue swabs [1] - The cost of this new diagnostic reagent has been reduced to less than $1, enabling screening in high-incidence areas where 5 to 6 TB patients can be identified per 1,000 people screened [1] Group 2: Global TB Statistics - The World Health Organization (WHO) reported an increase in global TB diagnosis rates, with 8.2 million new confirmed cases in 2023, the highest since monitoring began in 1995, surpassing the 7.5 million cases in 2022 [1][2] - Approximately 1.08 million people are estimated to be infected with TB globally, with about 25% of the world's population carrying the TB bacteria [2] Group 3: China's TB Situation - China has transitioned to a medium TB incidence rate, with an estimated 748,000 cases in 2022, accounting for over 7% of global cases, ranking third in the world for TB burden [2] - In Shanghai, the TB incidence rate is 20 cases per 100,000 people, indicating ongoing challenges in eliminating the disease [2] Group 4: Treatment and Prevention Efforts - TB is curable with standardized drug regimens, and prevention can be achieved through screening and vaccination [2] - Zhang Wenhong's team has researched short-course treatment options, reducing the treatment duration for drug-resistant TB from 1.5-2 years to 6-9 months, making it more accessible in impoverished areas [3] - The team aims to enhance treatment adherence and reduce drug resistance by introducing better treatment plans and AI technology for rapid identification of active TB cases [3]

新华社日内瓦9月10日电（记者王露）总部位于日内瓦的全球防治艾滋病、结核病和疟疾基金会（下称 全球基金会）10日发布年度成果报告说，该基金会自2002年成立以来，与合作伙伴共同努力，在艾滋 病、结核病和疟疾防治方面取得重要进展，已成功挽救7000万人的生命。 报告显示，在艾滋病防治方面，2024年，在全球基金会资助的国家和地区，艾滋病病毒感染者中有88% 知晓自身感染状况，79%在接受抗逆转录病毒治疗，74%病毒载量得到抑制，相关指标均创下历史新 高。自2002年以来，在全球基金会资助的国家和地区，与艾滋病相关死亡率已下降82%，艾滋病发病率 下降73%。 全球基金会执行主任彼得·桑兹在一份新闻公报中说，这证明凭借正确的工具、坚实的伙伴关系和持续 投入，我们能够改善全球卫生的发展进程。他呼吁全球卫生界加快行动，减少碎片化和重复性工作，为 各方合作提供便利。 全球基金会是在全球范围内为抗击艾滋病、结核病和疟疾提供资助的非营利性机构，于2002年在联合国 倡议下成立。据介绍，2024年全球基金会向100多个国家和地区投入27亿美元用于加强疾病监测和防 控。 报告同时警告，资金压力、地区冲突等使疾病防控面临新挑战。 ...