Group 1 - The Federal Reserve decided to maintain the federal funds rate target range at 4.25% - 4.5%, with two members voting against this decision [1] - Federal Reserve members expressed concerns about rising threats to the U.S. economy, highlighting that economic growth in the first half of the year was "tepid" [1] - Despite low unemployment rates, inflation remains high, with members pointing out uncertainties related to tariffs and the potential for inflation expectations to become unanchored [1] Group 2 - The majority of Federal Reserve members are more concerned about inflation risks than labor market conditions, leading to the decision to keep interest rates unchanged [1] - Only Vice Chair Bowman and Governor Waller voted against maintaining the current rate, advocating for a 25 basis point cut to prevent further weakening of the job market [1] - Since January, the Federal Reserve has repeatedly held rates steady, facing criticism from President Trump, who has pressured the Fed to lower rates [2]