Group 1: Employee Education and Training - The company encourages employees to pursue further education, considering it as part of employee training, which can be included in "employee education expenses" [3] - According to regulations, expenses for employees participating in social degree education must be borne by individuals and cannot occupy the company's employee education fund, thus not eligible for tax deductions [4] Group 2: Supplementary Medical Insurance - The company has recently purchased supplementary medical insurance for employees, with a record of personnel and payment details [5] - The maximum deductible amount for supplementary medical insurance is capped at 5% of the total employee salary, and payments made for retired employees cannot be deducted from corporate income tax [7][8] Group 3: Research and Development Expenses - The R&D department has incurred expenses for optimizing and upgrading the D series products to adapt to a new operating system [9][10]

Core Viewpoint - The article clarifies the types of transportation tickets that cannot be classified as travel expenses for reimbursement purposes, emphasizing the distinction between travel expenses and other categories such as employee education expenses and welfare expenses [2][3][8]. Summary by Sections Definition of Travel Expenses - Travel expenses refer to costs incurred by employees when traveling for business purposes outside their regular work location, including intercity transportation, accommodation, meal allowances, and local transportation [3]. Tax Deduction for Transportation Costs - As of April 1, 2019, taxpayers can deduct the input tax from the output tax for domestic passenger transport services purchased [4]. Conditions Where Transportation Tickets Cannot Be Classified as Travel Expenses - **Condition 1**: Tickets for employees attending external training cannot be classified as travel expenses but rather as employee education expenses, as per the relevant regulations [7][8]. - **Condition 2**: Tickets for employees returning home during holidays cannot be classified as travel expenses but are considered welfare expenses, according to the guidelines on employee welfare funds [9][12]. - **Condition 3**: Tickets reimbursed for clients' business trips cannot be classified as travel expenses but fall under business entertainment expenses, as defined in tax enforcement practices [13][14]. Relevant Regulations - The article references several regulations that govern the classification of expenses, including the Ministry of Finance and State Taxation Administration guidelines on employee education and welfare expenses [15].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the regulations and implications of employee education expenses, supplementary medical insurance, and R&D expenses in relation to tax deductions for companies, emphasizing compliance with tax laws and the importance of proper categorization of expenses [7][11][14]. Group 1: Employee Education Expenses - Companies are encouraged to support employees' education, but expenses for social degree education must be borne by individuals and cannot be deducted from employee education funds [7]. - The regulation states that costs incurred for employees' social degree education do not qualify for tax deductions under employee education expenses [7]. Group 2: Supplementary Medical Insurance - Companies have recently purchased supplementary medical insurance for employees, with a deduction limit set at 5% of total employee wages [9]. - Payments made by companies for supplementary medical insurance for retired employees are not eligible for tax deductions [10][11]. Group 3: R&D Expenses - R&D expenses related to product upgrades are eligible for tax deductions under specific conditions, but routine upgrades and direct applications of existing technologies do not qualify [14]. - The article outlines that only certain R&D activities are eligible for tax deductions, excluding routine upgrades and market research [14].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the regulations and guidelines regarding employee education expenses in enterprises, including what can be deducted from taxable income and the limits on such deductions [4][5]. Group 1: Employee Education Expenses - Employee education expenses that can be deducted include various training costs such as on-the-job training, vocational skills certification, and expenses for educational equipment [3][4]. - The limit for tax-deductible employee education expenses is set at 8% of the total salary expenses, effective from January 1, 2018, with any excess being carried forward to future tax years [4]. Group 2: Tax Deductibility of Training Costs - Costs incurred for training nuclear power plant operators can be deducted as part of the enterprise's operating costs, but must be distinctly accounted for from general employee education expenses [2]. - Only actual expenses incurred for employee education can be deducted; any amounts accrued but not actually spent on training cannot be deducted from taxable income [5]. Group 3: Continuing Education Costs - Costs for employees' continuing education, such as tuition fees for degree programs, are considered personal expenses and cannot be deducted from the enterprise's taxable income [5].