Core Viewpoint - GLP-1 (Glucagon-like peptide-1) is a hormone that plays a significant role in regulating blood sugar levels and promoting weight loss, particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes. Its therapeutic potential has led to the development of GLP-1 receptor agonists, which have gained approval for treating diabetes and obesity since the 2000s [4][6]. Group 1: Understanding GLP-1 - GLP-1 is a peptide hormone consisting of 30 or 31 amino acids, produced in the intestines and certain neurons in the brainstem after food intake [4]. - It enhances insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner, thereby lowering blood sugar levels, and has various regulatory and protective effects [4]. - The half-life of endogenous GLP-1 is approximately 2 minutes due to rapid degradation by DPP-4 and other enzymes, resulting in low plasma levels [6]. Group 2: GLP-1 and Weight Loss - GLP-1 promotes satiety, leading to reduced food and water intake, which is why diabetes patients treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists often experience weight loss [7]. - It inhibits gastric emptying, gastric acid secretion, and gastric motility, contributing to decreased appetite and reduced postprandial blood sugar fluctuations [7]. Group 3: Market Concerns - The popularity of semaglutide has led to a surge in products claiming to contain "GLP-1 active ingredients," but many of these products lack rigorous quality control and safety evaluations [12][14]. - Some products falsely claim to contain similar compounds or ingredients that are not recognized by regulatory authorities, raising concerns about their efficacy and safety [16].