Group 1: Core Insights - The 27th China Association for Science and Technology annual meeting released 30 significant scientific and engineering challenges, focusing on future technology development trends [1][2] - Many of the identified challenges involve the intersection of artificial intelligence with various disciplines, highlighting the growing importance of AI in scientific research [2][3] Group 2: Key Scientific Issues - The top scientific issue identified is the development of a new theoretical framework and protective system for AI security based on cryptography, addressing the increasing security concerns in AI applications [2] - The challenges in the communication field include theoretical, intelligent, and flexible bottlenecks, with the proposed "intelligent simplified network technology system" aiming to enhance communication efficiency through AI integration [3] Group 3: Engineering and Industrial Challenges - The "brain function assessment and brain-machine intelligent closed-loop intervention" challenge aims to improve recovery efficiency for stroke patients through AI and multimodal neuroimaging technologies, potentially leading to advancements in related industries [3] - The initiative also emphasizes collaboration between strategic scientists and young technology talents, fostering the development of innovative solutions to meet national needs [4]