中新网上海8月7日电 (陈静 赵阳) 一名因输尿管结石梗阻引发脓毒血症的老年女性危重患者日前在上海 泌尿外科专家团队紧急干预下转危为安，成功获救。7日，老人康复出院。 "老年女性及合并糖尿病、肥胖等基础疾病的人群，若因输尿管结石梗阻引发感染，不及时解除梗阻可 能导致多器官功能衰竭甚至死亡。"上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院泌尿外科结石中心徐丹枫教授7日 接受采访时表示，老年人对高热、心率增快等耐受力差，临床医生需高度重视，早期诊断，快速干预， 治疗上需争分夺秒解除梗阻、引流感染源。 专家团队为李阿婆顺利插入支架管，引流出大量脓性尿液，有效阻断感染加重。术后医生同步开展抗休 克、抗感染等治疗，李阿婆生命体征逐渐稳定，感染得到控制。 徐丹枫教授介绍，脓毒血症并非简单的感染，它是由感染引发的全身性炎症反应综合征。当身体遭受细 菌、病毒、真菌等病原体入侵后，免疫系统会奋起反抗。但在一些严重情况下，免疫系统反应过度，炎 症介质在体内大量释放，犹如失控的"烽火"，从感染局部蔓延至全身，进而影响多个器官功能。 据介绍，常见的肺炎、尿路感染等，若未得到及时有效控制，细菌产生的毒素入血，就可能诱发脓毒血 症。患者常出现高热、寒战 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights significant research contributions from Chinese scholars published in the prestigious journal Cell, focusing on advancements in AI-driven protein activation, nuclear stress bodies' role in inflammation regulation, and a novel bile acid's impact on glucose homeostasis [2][4][15]. Group 1: AI-Driven Protein Activation - A research team from Peking University developed a machine-learning-assisted platform called CAGE-Prox vivo for precise protein activation in living mice, enabling real-time biological studies and therapeutic interventions [4][7]. - The platform allows for the temporary blocking of target protein functions and can be triggered by small molecules, facilitating specific control over protein-protein interactions [7]. Group 2: Nuclear Stress Bodies and Inflammation - A study by the Chinese Academy of Sciences explored the assembly and function of nuclear stress bodies (nSB) under stress conditions, revealing their role in enhancing the transcription of NFIL3, which suppresses inflammatory responses [8][9]. - The research indicates that the expression of NFIL3 is positively correlated with the survival rates of sepsis patients, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for precise diagnosis and treatment of sepsis [12][13]. Group 3: Microbial Bile Acids and Glucose Homeostasis - A collaborative study identified a novel bile acid receptor, MRGPRE, activated by a microbial amino-acid-conjugated bile acid, tryptophan-cholic acid (Trp-CA), which improves glucose regulation [15][18]. - The findings reveal a new mechanism for GLP-1 secretion regulation via MRGPRE, providing insights for developing new diabetes medications without the side effects associated with traditional bile acids [18].

Core Viewpoint - The research highlights the role of nuclear stress bodies (nSB) in regulating gene expression and suppressing acute inflammatory responses, providing new insights for the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis [3][12][16]. Group 1: Mechanism of nSB Formation - Under stress conditions such as heat shock and arsenic poisoning, human cells rapidly form a membrane-less structure known as nuclear stress bodies (nSB) [7]. - The nSB is composed of a core layer of Satellite III (SatIII) RNA, a regulatory layer with transcription factors like HSF1, and an outer layer of proteins such as SAFB that maintain structural stability [7][9]. Group 2: Gene Expression Regulation - The formation of nSB leads to a significant increase in the expression of the NFIL3 gene, which can rise up to 8 times [11]. - NFIL3 plays a crucial role in inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-1β, with its knockout resulting in a 300% increase in inflammation intensity [11]. Group 3: Clinical Implications for Sepsis - A study involving 150 sepsis patients revealed that the activation of SatIII and the assembly of nSB correlate positively with patient survival rates [13][14]. - Patients with high SatIII expression showed a 65% increase in 28-day survival rates, indicating the potential of nSB as a survival marker in sepsis [14][16].