R&D Expenditure Overview - In 2024, the total R&D expenditure in China reached 36,326.8 billion yuan, an increase of 2,969.7 billion yuan, representing a growth of 8.9% compared to the previous year [2] - The R&D expenditure intensity, measured as a percentage of GDP, is 2.69%, which is an increase of 0.11 percentage points from the previous year [2] - The per capita R&D expenditure, calculated based on full-time R&D personnel, is 480,000 yuan, an increase of 19,000 yuan from the previous year [2] R&D Expenditure by Activity Type - Basic research funding amounted to 2,500.9 billion yuan, growing by 10.7% year-on-year; applied research funding was 4,305.5 billion yuan, up 17.6%; and experimental development funding reached 29,520.4 billion yuan, increasing by 7.6% [2] - The proportion of basic research funding is 6.88%, an increase of 0.11 percentage points; applied research and experimental development account for 11.9% and 81.2%, respectively [2] R&D Expenditure by Entity - Enterprises contributed 28,211.6 billion yuan to R&D, a growth of 8.8%; government research institutions contributed 4,231.6 billion yuan, up 9.7%; and higher education institutions contributed 3,065.5 billion yuan, increasing by 11.3% [2] - The proportions of R&D funding from enterprises, government research institutions, and higher education institutions are 77.7%, 11.6%, and 8.4%, respectively [2] R&D Expenditure by Industry - The high-tech manufacturing sector's R&D expenditure was 7,668.9 billion yuan, reflecting a growth of 10.2% [3] - Among large-scale industrial enterprises, eight industry categories had R&D expenditures exceeding 100 billion yuan, accounting for 68.2% of total R&D expenditure in large-scale industrial enterprises [3] R&D Expenditure by Region - Six provinces (or municipalities) had R&D expenditures exceeding 200 billion yuan: Guangdong (5,099.6 billion yuan), Jiangsu (4,597.5 billion yuan), Beijing (3,278.4 billion yuan), Zhejiang (2,901.4 billion yuan), Shandong (2,597.3 billion yuan), and Shanghai (2,343.7 billion yuan) [3] - Seven provinces (or municipalities) had R&D expenditure intensity exceeding the national average, with Beijing leading at 6.58% [3] Fiscal Science and Technology Expenditure - In 2024, national fiscal science and technology expenditure reached 12,629.2 billion yuan, an increase of 633.3 billion yuan, representing a growth of 5.3% [4] - Central fiscal science and technology expenditure was 4,192.5 billion yuan, accounting for 33.2% of total national fiscal science and technology expenditure [4]

R&D Expenditure Overview - In 2024, the total R&D expenditure in the country reached 36,326.8 billion yuan, an increase of 2,969.7 billion yuan, representing a growth of 8.9% compared to the previous year [2] - The R&D expenditure intensity, measured as a percentage of GDP, was 2.69%, up by 0.11 percentage points from the previous year [2] - The per capita R&D expenditure, calculated based on full-time equivalent R&D personnel, was 480,000 yuan, an increase of 19,000 yuan from the previous year [2] R&D Expenditure by Activity Type - Basic research funding amounted to 2,500.9 billion yuan, growing by 10.7% year-on-year; applied research funding was 4,305.5 billion yuan, up by 17.6%; and experimental development funding reached 29,520.4 billion yuan, increasing by 7.6% [2] - The share of basic research funding in total R&D expenditure was 6.88%, an increase of 0.11 percentage points from the previous year; applied research and experimental development accounted for 11.9% and 81.2%, respectively [2] R&D Expenditure by Entity - Enterprises contributed 28,211.6 billion yuan to R&D, a growth of 8.8% year-on-year; government research institutions contributed 4,231.6 billion yuan, up by 9.7%; and higher education institutions contributed 3,065.5 billion yuan, increasing by 11.3% [2] - The proportions of R&D expenditure by enterprises, government research institutions, and higher education institutions were 77.7%, 11.6%, and 8.4%, respectively [2] R&D Expenditure by Industry - In high-tech manufacturing, R&D expenditure reached 7,668.9 billion yuan, growing by 10.2%; the R&D intensity relative to revenue was 3.35%, an increase of 0.24 percentage points [3] - There were 8 industry categories in large-scale industrial enterprises with R&D expenditures exceeding 100 billion yuan, which accounted for 68.2% of total R&D expenditure in large-scale industrial enterprises [3] R&D Expenditure by Region - Six provinces (or municipalities) had R&D expenditures exceeding 200 billion yuan: Guangdong (5,099.6 billion yuan), Jiangsu (4,597.5 billion yuan), Beijing (3,278.4 billion yuan), Zhejiang (2,901.4 billion yuan), Shandong (2,597.3 billion yuan), and Shanghai (2,343.7 billion yuan) [3] - Seven provinces (or municipalities) had R&D expenditure intensity exceeding the national average, with Beijing at 6.58%, Shanghai at 4.35%, Guangdong at 3.60%, Tianjin at 3.44%, Jiangsu at 3.36%, Zhejiang at 3.22%, and Anhui at 2.76% [3] Fiscal Science and Technology Expenditure - In 2024, national fiscal science and technology expenditure was 12,629.2 billion yuan, an increase of 633.3 billion yuan, representing a growth of 5.3% [4] - Central fiscal science and technology expenditure was 4,192.5 billion yuan, accounting for 33.2% of total national fiscal science and technology expenditure; local fiscal expenditure was 8,436.7 billion yuan, making up 66.8% [4]