Core Insights - A Chinese research team has revealed that the kidneys are a key organ in the effects of exercise, with the metabolite betaine acting as a core molecular messenger to delay aging by targeting and inhibiting the natural immune kinase TBK1, thereby alleviating inflammation and multi-organ aging processes [1][2] Group 1: Research Findings - The research, conducted over six years, provides a systematic analysis of the molecular and cellular responses to both acute single exercise and long-term regular exercise [1] - The findings offer cross-scale and cross-species scientific evidence for the positive effects of exercise on health, supporting active health interventions for aging [1] Group 2: Implications for Health and Aging - The study introduces a new paradigm of "endogenous metabolite-mediated exercise benefits," transforming complex physiological effects into quantifiable and operable chemical language [1] - This research lays the groundwork for developing "exercise-mimicking drugs" as a new strategy for systemic aging intervention [1][2]

Group 1 - The research reveals that the kidney is a key organ responding to exercise effects, with the metabolite betaine identified as a core molecular messenger for delaying aging [1][5] - The study systematically analyzes the physiological adaptations and mechanisms of acute single exercise versus long-term regular exercise, establishing a multi-dimensional adaptive system based on metabolic reprogramming, immune rejuvenation, epigenetic stability, and enhanced antioxidant capacity [4][5] - Long-term exercise significantly increases kidney betaine levels, and oral intervention with betaine in aged mice extends healthy lifespan and improves five major functional indicators: enhanced metabolic capacity, improved kidney function, better motor coordination, reduced depressive-like behavior, and improved cognitive function [5] Group 2 - The research provides important scientific evidence for promoting healthy aging, opening new pathways for scientific anti-aging research [5] - The study's findings were published in the international academic journal "Cell" on June 25 [1]