近日，由国务院安委会有关成员单位负责同志带队的22个中央安全生产考核巡查组，已按计划完成对31 个省份和新疆生产建设兵团、40个国务院安委会成员单位的2025年度中央安全生产考核巡查，取得显著 成效。 企业主体责任不落实——"你会不会操作火灾报警控制器？有没有取得消防设施操作员证？"在山西长治 市潞州区某养老院，考核巡查组发现有员工无证上岗；在长治市武乡县某酒店，则发现新员工入职时未 进行消防培训，老员工缺乏定期复训和实操演练。 "表面合规、实质失控"的现象，反映出一些企业主要负责人对安全风险心中没有数，对重大事故隐患判 定标准一问三不知。一些安全生产管理人员、从业人员对岗位风险了解很少，缺乏必要的安全生产技 能、隐患辨识能力和应急处置能力。 非法违法行为屡禁不止——2024年1月，江西新余市发生一起特别重大火灾事故，造成39人遇难，导致 伤亡扩大的原因之一，是培训教室窗户安装了无法打开的防盗网。巡查组在此次考核巡查中发现，江西 吉安市两所中学的部分学生宿舍窗外仍设有铁栅栏，且无法从内部开启，属于重大事故隐患。 "一些企业和单位人员知法犯法、罔顾安全。"应急管理部安全生产综合协调司司长汪崇鲜说，考核巡查 期间 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of dynamic identification and rectification of major accident hazards in the chemical and hazardous materials industry to enhance safety production levels and establish a long-term mechanism for dynamic clearance of such hazards [1][3]. Group 1: Understanding Major Accident Hazards - The definition of major accident hazards has evolved, with the initial classification based on the difficulty of rectification being deemed insufficient for practical safety production [2]. - The 2019 guidelines adjusted the definition to include hazards arising from deficiencies in safety risk control measures, unsafe conditions, unsafe behaviors, and management defects [2][3]. Group 2: Changes in Major Accident Hazard Types - The implementation of the 2017 standards has led to a significant decrease in the average number of major accident hazards per enterprise, from 3.2 in 2018 to 0.9 in 2022, with a projected decrease to 0.8 by 2025 [4]. - The types of major accident hazards have shifted, with hardware-related hazards declining due to effective management, while issues related to operational management and compliance remain persistent [5][6]. Group 3: Dynamic Clearance of Major Accident Hazards - To achieve safety production, it is essential to ensure that all risk control measures are effectively operational, as risks are dynamic and can lead to the emergence of major accident hazards [7]. - Companies are required to establish a regular self-inspection mechanism for major accident hazards, with leadership involvement in quarterly checks, and to enhance the professional capacity of inspections [7][8]. - Government oversight is crucial, with a need for improved supervision and a mechanism for closing out major accident hazards, ensuring that all identified issues are rectified [8].