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舌尖上的山珍:云菌何以吸引全球客商
Core Insights - The wild edible mushroom industry in Yunnan is experiencing significant growth, with the potential to become a trillion-yuan industry driven by natural resources and high-quality development [2][10] - Yunnan is known as the "Kingdom of Wild Mushrooms," with over 900 species, accounting for approximately 36% of the world's known wild edible mushrooms [1][9] Market Dynamics - The peak season for wild mushrooms in Yunnan runs from June to November, with July and August being the months of highest supply [1] - Prices for wild mushrooms have increased this year due to excessive rainfall affecting supply, with chicken mushrooms priced around 120 yuan/kg and green-headed mushrooms at about 70 yuan/kg [3][6] - The price of wild mushrooms typically starts high in June and decreases as supply increases, with prices for the same type of mushroom potentially dropping from 10,000 yuan/kg to several hundred yuan/kg from June to September [3][9] Supply Chain and Distribution - The supply chain for wild mushrooms involves local villagers harvesting mushrooms, which are then sorted and transported via cold chain logistics to markets across the country [7][8] - The Yunnan Mushuihua Wild Mushroom Trading Center is the largest trading market in China, with significant trading volumes reported in June and July [7][8] E-commerce and Retail - E-commerce platforms like Hema and Dingdong Maicai are facilitating the sale of wild mushrooms outside Yunnan, with Hema focusing on major cities like Beijing and Shanghai [4][5] - The development of fresh food e-commerce has simplified distribution channels and expanded the consumer base for wild mushrooms [8][9] Industry Challenges and Opportunities - The wild mushroom industry faces challenges such as climate change and unsustainable harvesting practices, leading to fluctuating production levels [9] - There is a growing need for deep processing and standardization in the industry to enhance product value and profitability [9][10] Export Potential - The demand for Yunnan wild mushrooms is expected to grow, particularly with the rise of Chinese cuisine abroad, which could boost both domestic and international markets [10][11] - The Belt and Road Initiative and RCEP are expected to facilitate trade and logistics, enhancing the export potential of Yunnan's wild mushrooms to Southeast Asia [11][12]