Core Insights - The conference "Global South: Past, Present, and Future" was held from August 11 to 14, 2025, co-hosted by various academic institutions, focusing on the challenges and development paths faced by Global South countries [2][4] - Scholars from multiple countries, including China, Brazil, India, Argentina, Zambia, Morocco, and the United States, participated in discussions on key issues related to political and economic development in the Global South [2][4] Group 1 - The conference featured four sub-forums focusing on Latin America, South Asia, Africa, and East Asia, addressing topics such as poverty alleviation, financial equality, new industrialization, and sustainable development [2] - Keynote speeches were delivered by prominent academics, emphasizing the increasing importance of Global South countries in the global geopolitical landscape and the need for innovative academic research [4][6] Group 2 - Discussions highlighted the multifaceted influence of Global South countries, examining historical, economic, political, and social dimensions, while also addressing challenges such as environmental responsibilities and geopolitical competition [7] - The re-industrialization process and the transformation of global governance in Global South countries were identified as irreversible trends, with a call for enhanced civil exchanges and consideration of the economic and social effects of financial cooperation [7]