Group 1 - The core finding of the study presented by Novo Nordisk at the ESC Congress is that semaglutide 2.4mg significantly reduces the risk of heart attack, stroke, and cardiovascular-related death or all-cause mortality by 57% in overweight or obese patients with cardiovascular disease compared to Eli Lilly's GLP-1 drug tirzepatide [1] - Novo Nordisk's semaglutide is the only GLP-1 drug confirmed to have cardiovascular benefits in obese patients with cardiovascular disease but without diabetes, indicating a more pronounced cardiovascular benefit in real-world settings compared to previous clinical trials [3] - Eli Lilly's recent data on the oral GLP-1 drug orforglipron shows clinical benefits in key cardiovascular risk factors, with plans to submit for obesity treatment approval, although no clear cardiovascular indication has been approved for their GLP-1 drugs yet [3] Group 2 - The focus on weight loss, blood pressure reduction, and lipid lowering remains prominent in the industry, with significant research results presented by companies like AstraZeneca and Merck at the ESC Congress [3] - AstraZeneca's phase III trial data for Baxdrostat offers a new treatment option for difficult-to-control hypertension, while Merck presented real-world evidence and clinical trial data on various severe cardiovascular diseases [3] - LDL-C remains the primary target for lipid treatment, with ongoing research into small nucleic acid drugs targeting Lp(a) and new drug developments focusing on triglycerides also being highlighted as areas of interest [4]