Group 1 - China announced final anti-dumping measures on EU-origin brandy, effective from July 5, with a duration of five years and a dumping margin of 27.7%-34.9% [1][3] - The decision has sparked internal controversy within the EU, particularly among automotive powerhouse Germany, which opposed the tariffs due to concerns over potential Chinese retaliation [3][5] - France played a significant role in pushing for the tariffs, leveraging its influence within the EU, which requires at least 55% member support and coverage of over 65% of the population [3][5] Group 2 - French President Macron has faced pressure from the brandy industry in France to address the repercussions of the anti-dumping measures, yet has not shown willingness to negotiate with China [5][9] - The EU's recent actions against Chinese automotive products, including a new anti-dumping investigation on tires, reflect ongoing tensions, with France continuing to support such measures [5][7] - Observations indicate a shift in the dynamics of US-EU-China relations, with some European leaders recognizing the need for an independent approach rather than aligning closely with US strategies [7][9]