（原标题：非洲大陆霍乱病例和死亡激增） 据"全非洲"1月2日报道，非洲疾病控制与预防中心（Africa CDC）对全大陆霍乱病例急剧上升发出 警报，2025年感染人数激增至31万以上。 大陆卫生机构报告称，本轮疫情已在25个国家造成近3000例新增死亡病例。根据Africa CDC的数 据，2025年南苏丹、刚果民主共和国（DRC）、安哥拉、尼日利亚和苏丹占所有报告病例的87%以上。 Africa CDC表示已启动一项新战略，通过组建联合特别工作组，将应对措施扩展到卫生部门之外， 将霍乱定位为涉及领导力、基础设施和供水卫生系统的综合挑战，而非单纯的医疗问题。 ...

新华社基加利12月19日电（记者 刘佑民 鞠银河）布琼布拉消息：布隆迪国家广播电视台19日报 道，该国境内一刚果（金）难民接收点暴发霍乱疫情，已造成34人感染，其中一人死亡。 报道援引布隆迪国家保护难民和无国籍人士办公室提供的消息说，此次霍乱疫情出现在布东部布胡 穆扎省的布苏马难民点。该难民点于9日开始接收来自刚果（金）东部乌维拉等地的难民，截至18日已 接收逾2.1万名难民，超过了其最大收容能力。 布国家保护难民和无国籍人士办公室和布胡穆扎省政府方面均表示，难民缺乏饮用水、食物、药 品、厕所、住所等物资和基础设施，生活处境极其艰难。 自12月初以来，刚果（金）东部的南基伍省冲突升级。联合国难民署19日在社交媒体X平台上发文 说，本月以来已有约8.5万名刚果（金）难民为躲避冲突逃往布隆迪。 霍乱是由霍乱弧菌引起的急性肠道传染病，主要经由不洁水源和食物传染，患者常出现呕吐、腹 泻、脱水和高烧等症状，重症和延误治疗可致死亡。 ...

霍乱是由霍乱弧菌引起的急性肠道传染病，主要经由不洁净水源和食物传染，患者常出现呕吐、腹泻、 脱水和高烧等症状，重症和延误治疗可致死亡。 （文章来源：新华社） 联合国儿童基金会驻刚果（金）代表约翰·阿博尔表示，霍乱是一种完全可以预防的疾病，"本不应让刚 果（金）儿童因这种疾病受到如此严重影响"。他呼吁刚果（金）政府在疫情高风险地区增加对供水、 卫生和医疗服务等方面的投入，以更好保护该国家庭和儿童的健康和福祉。 阿博尔还呼吁相关国际机构为应对霍乱疫情提供资金。他警告说，2026年疫情应对资金"十分脆弱"，如 不能获得更多资源并采取协调行动，可能导致更多生命损失。 联合国儿童基金会8日说，刚果（金）正面临25年来最严重的霍乱疫情。今年以来全国累计报告病例 64427例，其中死亡1888例。 联合国儿童基金会当天发布公报说，刚果（金）26个省中有17个省受到疫情影响。今年以来全国儿童感 染病例达14818例，其中死亡340例。疫情严重冲击当地儿童教育，并使家庭面临更高健康风险。 ...

Core Insights - Africa is facing the most severe cholera outbreak in 25 years, attributed to weak water infrastructure and ongoing conflicts in certain regions [1] - Over 300,000 cases of cholera and suspected cases have been recorded, with more than 7,000 deaths, representing an increase of over 30% compared to last year [1] Water Infrastructure - Cholera thrives in areas with weak water treatment systems and contaminated water sources, leading to a significant rise in cases in countries like Angola and Burundi due to insufficient safe drinking water [1] - The outbreak has seen a sharp increase in recent weeks, highlighting the urgent need for improved water infrastructure [1] Regional Impact - While some regions like the Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, and Somalia have seen improvements in the cholera situation, conflict-affected areas remain vulnerable [1] - Overcrowded conditions in refugee camps and poor sanitation accelerate the spread of the virus in these regions [1] Other Health Risks - Despite a decrease in monkeypox outbreaks in some heavily affected countries, risks persist in Kenya, Guinea, Liberia, and Ghana [1]

Core Viewpoint - Africa is facing the most severe cholera outbreak in 25 years, with approximately 300,000 confirmed and suspected cases recorded since early 2025, resulting in over 7,000 deaths, marking a more than 30% increase in total cases compared to last year [1] Group 1: Current Situation - The African CDC reported a significant rise in cholera cases, particularly in Angola and Burundi, indicating rapid virus transmission [1] - The outbreak is attributed to a lack of safe drinking water and ongoing conflicts across the continent [1] Group 2: Impact of Conflicts - Areas affected by conflict are experiencing severe epidemic conditions, as diseases spread quickly in overcrowded and unsanitary temporary camps [1] - The African CDC director emphasized the need for health officials to address fundamental issues such as overcrowding in refugee camps and inadequate sanitation facilities [1] Group 3: Cholera Overview - Cholera is an acute diarrheal infection caused by ingesting food or water contaminated with Vibrio cholerae [1] - Access to safe drinking water, basic environmental sanitation, and personal hygiene facilities is crucial for cholera prevention [1]

Core Insights - The article highlights a significant cholera outbreak in Africa, with over 300,000 reported cases and nearly 7,000 deaths in 2023, surpassing the total for the entire year of 2024 [1] Summary by Categories Disease Statistics - Africa has reported a total of 300,117 cholera cases and 6,927 deaths in 2023, exceeding the total cases and deaths reported in 2024 [1] - Sudan is the most affected country, with 71,373 cholera cases and 1,996 deaths, making it the country with the highest cholera death toll in Africa [1] Contributing Factors - Ongoing armed conflicts in Sudan have exacerbated the cholera outbreak and hindered prevention efforts [1] - Climate change has led to increased flooding and other natural disasters, raising the likelihood of cholera infections across the continent [1] Disease Characteristics - Cholera is an acute intestinal infectious disease caused by Vibrio cholerae, primarily transmitted through contaminated water and food, leading to symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, and high fever [1]

Core Points - The cholera outbreak in Sudan has escalated significantly, with a total of 11,733 infections and 454 deaths reported since June 2023 [1][2] - The Darfur region is particularly affected, with 25 deaths occurring in just two days [1] - The Tavilah area has recorded 5,417 confirmed cases and 78 deaths [1] - The outbreak is exacerbated by shortages of medical supplies and intravenous solutions in medical centers [1] - Humanitarian organizations and local volunteers are making efforts to combat the outbreak, but face numerous challenges [1] - There is a call for assistance from the World Health Organization and other international organizations to help address the crisis [1] Industry Concerns - The Sudanese medical system is described as weak and resource-limited, contributing to the severity of the cholera outbreak [2] - Continuous flooding disasters are compounding the challenges faced by the healthcare system [2]

Core Viewpoint - The cholera outbreak in Chad's eastern provinces has resulted in 113 deaths, with a total of 1,631 suspected cases reported [1] Summary by Relevant Sections Public Health Response - Chad's Ministry of Public Health has received 1.12 million doses of vaccines and has begun vaccination efforts in the eastern regions to control the outbreak [1] - UNICEF representatives announced an additional provision of 740,000 vaccine doses to Chad [1] Outbreak Details - The current cholera outbreak began in July, with the first cases reported in the Djugui refugee camp in the Wadi Fira province [1] - The World Health Organization reported on August 29 that the cholera situation is worsening globally, exacerbated by conflict and poverty, posing significant public health challenges in multiple regions [1] Disease Characteristics - Cholera is an acute intestinal infectious disease caused by Vibrio cholerae, primarily transmitted through contaminated water and food, leading to symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, and high fever, which can be fatal if treatment is delayed [1]

Core Viewpoint - Sudan is experiencing its most severe cholera outbreak in years, particularly in the Darfur region, with over 2,300 cases treated and 40 deaths reported in the past week [1] Summary by Relevant Sections Cholera Outbreak - The cholera outbreak in Sudan has led to a total of 99,756 reported cases and 2,475 deaths since the resurgence began in July 2024 [1] - The outbreak is exacerbated by ongoing conflicts, large-scale displacement, and a lack of sanitation and clean drinking water [1] Call for Action - Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors Without Borders) has urged the international community to establish an emergency coordination mechanism for the cholera outbreak [1] - There is a need for improved healthcare and water supply services in affected areas, as well as the initiation of cholera vaccination campaigns [1] Contextual Factors - The spread of cholera and other infectious diseases like dengue fever in Sudan is influenced by armed conflicts and seasonal flooding [1]

Core Viewpoint - The UNICEF statement highlights a severe cholera outbreak in North Darfur, Sudan, with approximately 640,000 children under five at risk of infection [2] Summary by Relevant Sections Cholera Outbreak - Since mid-June 2023, the Darfur region, including North Darfur, has reported 2,140 cholera cases, resulting in at least 80 deaths [2] - The ongoing armed conflict in North Darfur has exacerbated the situation, leading to a significant increase in the risk of cholera and other infectious diseases [2] Humanitarian Crisis - The humanitarian access in North Darfur has been nearly completely cut off, making the supply of essential goods extremely difficult [2] - The humanitarian situation is worsening due to severe shortages of food, water, and medical supplies [2] Armed Conflict Impact - Armed conflict between Sudanese Armed Forces and Rapid Support Forces began on April 15, 2023, in Khartoum and has spread to other regions [2] - Over two years of conflict has resulted in nearly 30,000 deaths and displaced over 12 million people, severely damaging the healthcare system and facilitating the spread of diseases like cholera and dengue fever [2]