中国最高法：依法严惩破坏耕地资源违法犯罪行为 中新社北京10月9日电 (记者 张素)中国最高人民法院9日公开发布4件案例，依法严惩非法占用农用地、 非法采矿等破坏耕地资源的违法犯罪行为。 "朱某利、苏某非法占用农用地案"是人民法院依法严惩以开展农业生产为名，行倾倒渣土牟利之实构成 非法占用农用地罪的典型案件。 案情显示，朱某利、苏某以开发建设现代农业智慧产业基地项目为幌子租赁案涉土地，捏造案涉地块土 壤确需改良的假象申领许可证，大肆接收、倾倒建筑垃圾、石块等渣土，收取巨额弃土费。此种披着合 法外衣的非法占用农用地犯罪行为，具有很强的迷惑性、隐蔽性，往往违法犯罪持续时间长，社会危害 性大。 江苏法院判处被告人朱某利有期徒刑四年，并处罚金人民币一百万元；判处被告人苏某有期徒刑二年三 个月，并处罚金人民币二十万元，既彰显了人民法院依法保护耕地、捍卫粮食安全的坚强决心，也对潜 在的类似违法犯罪行为起到强有力的震慑和警示作用。 编辑：付健青 广告等商务合作，请点击这里 草炭土是重要的矿产资源，兼具战略意义和经济价值。近年来，一些不法分子在利益的驱动下非法采 挖、贩卖草炭土，破坏矿产资源和粮食生产，严重影响生态安全和农业 ...

吉林省通化铁路运输法院一审认为，被告人魏某国等七人以非法采矿为目的，以清淤的行为掩 盖非法采挖泥炭土的犯罪行为，违反矿产资源法的规定，造成国家矿产资源的破坏，已构成非法采 矿罪，遂判处被告人魏某国等七人一年四个月至四年六个月刑期不等的有期徒刑，并处罚金，没收 违法所得。扣押在案的泥炭土由扣押机关通化县公安局依法处理。吉林省长春铁路运输中级法院二 审判决驳回上诉，维持原判。该判决已发生法律效力。 【典型意义】 案例一 魏某国等七人非法采矿案 【基本案情】 2019年，被告人魏某国、张某、吕某三人合谋出资，以被告人张某的名义低价承包水库，以为 水库清淤为掩饰盗采泥炭土。2022年8、9月间，被告人魏某国为盗采泥炭土，在被告人杨某志的 帮助下，非法获取了水库的清淤手续。后被告人魏某国等人以清淤的名义非法采挖泥炭土，并通过 拍卖取得案涉泥炭土。经测量评估，被告人魏某国等七人共盗采泥炭土81035.6立方米，价值 584.96万元。 【裁判结果】 本案系人民法院依法打击非法获取审批手续盗采泥炭土的刑事案件。泥炭土富含有机质，是我 国重要的矿产资源、珍贵的黑土土壤资源。近年来，非法开采泥炭土呈现犯罪手段多样化特点， 由" ...

Group 1 - The Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate have jointly issued an interpretation that lowers the threshold for criminal liability for the destruction of black land resources, allowing the volume of excavated black soil to be used as a criterion for illegal occupation of agricultural land [1][2] - The new standards specify that for permanently designated basic farmland, illegal occupation or destruction of black land reaching "three mu" or illegal excavation of black soil reaching "500 cubic meters" can lead to criminal charges; for black land outside of permanently designated basic farmland, the thresholds are "six mu" or "1,000 cubic meters" [1][2] - The interpretation aims to address the issue of significant damage caused by illegal excavation of black soil that may not meet the previous area-based thresholds for criminal liability, thereby enhancing the legal framework for black land protection [1] Group 2 - The interpretation clarifies that illegal mining of black soil, classified as a mineral resource, will be prosecuted under illegal mining laws; it also addresses severe pollution of black land through the illegal disposal of hazardous waste, which will be prosecuted under environmental pollution laws [2] - There is a recognition of the existence of organized crime networks involved in the destruction of black land resources, with upstream criminals engaging in theft and downstream criminals involved in concealing, transferring, and selling the stolen resources; the interpretation aims to combat this entire chain of criminal activity [2] - The interpretation allows for the use of expert opinions, reports from relevant institutions, and other evidence to establish facts in cases involving specialized issues, thereby enhancing the evidentiary standards in prosecutions [2]

Core Viewpoint - The Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate have issued an interpretation regarding the criminalization of illegal mining activities related to black soil, emphasizing the need for strict legal enforcement to protect this vital resource [1][2]. Summary by Sections Legal Provisions - The interpretation consists of 14 articles, detailing the recognition and standards for criminalizing the illegal occupation of farmland and the destruction of black soil [2]. - For permanent basic farmland, illegal occupation and destruction reaching "three mu" or illegal excavation of black soil exceeding "500 cubic meters" can lead to criminal charges [3]. - For black soil outside permanent basic farmland, illegal occupation and destruction reaching "six mu" or illegal excavation exceeding "1,000 cubic meters" can also result in criminal charges, enhancing food security protection [3]. Illegal Mining and Pollution - The interpretation clarifies that illegal mining of black soil, classified as a mineral resource, can be prosecuted under illegal mining laws [3]. - It addresses severe pollution of black soil, stipulating that illegal disposal of hazardous waste can lead to charges of environmental pollution [3]. Criminal Behavior and Evidence - The interpretation includes provisions for handling cases of concealing or disguising criminal activities related to the illegal sale of black soil [3]. - It allows for the use of expert opinions and reports to establish facts in cases involving the destruction of black soil resources [4]. Principles of Drafting - The drafting of the interpretation adheres to strict legal principles, ensuring accurate application of laws related to illegal occupation of farmland, illegal mining, and environmental pollution [5]. - It focuses on addressing prominent issues in judicial practice, such as the application of charges and standards for sentencing [6]. - The interpretation reflects a commitment to severe penalties for violations, aligning with the protective spirit of the Black Soil Protection Law [8].