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比特币矿场转型AIDC:现状与展望
GOLDEN SUN SECURITIES· 2025-12-12 11:58
Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Accumulate" rating for the industry [6] Core Insights - In recent years, several Bitcoin mining companies have partnered with AI cloud providers, utilizing part of their electricity for GPU hosting and developing AIDC (AI Data Center) businesses, with contracts totaling $53.6 billion and involving 1.959 GW of power [1][11] - The market perceives that Bitcoin mining companies primarily have an advantage in electricity resources compared to other AIDC competitors, but many have prior experience in self-operated cloud services [4][10] - The report suggests that companies with more AI electricity capacity tend to have higher market valuations, with average valuations of $4.73 million/MW for total electricity, $12.26 million/MW for mining electricity, and $144 million/MW for AI electricity [4][55] Summary by Sections 1. Current Status of Bitcoin Mining Transformation to AIDC - As of November 3, 2025, six Bitcoin mining companies have signed contracts with at least five cloud providers, totaling $53.6 billion and involving 1.959 GW of power [1][11] - Over 50% of the AI cloud providers that signed contracts with Bitcoin mining companies are emerging firms, with Coreweave being the largest [2][13] - The average contract duration for AIDC projects is 14 years, with a minimum of 5 years and a maximum of 25 years [3][24] - The average price for key IT load contracts is $1.73 million/MW/year, indicating a consistent pricing structure across projects [3][27] 2. Reasons and Models for Transformation - The transition to AIDC is driven by the uncertainty in revenue and profitability from Bitcoin mining, which faces challenges such as fluctuating prices and increasing competition [33][35] - AIDC offers higher gross margins compared to Bitcoin mining, with various projects reporting net operating income margins between 80% and 88% [40][39] 3. Self-Operated Cloud Services by Mining Companies - Companies like Iris Energy, Hive Digital, and Bitdeer are actively developing self-operated AI cloud services, with Iris Energy expected to operate 140,000 GPUs by the end of 2026 [43][47] - Bitdeer plans to operate 1,160 GPUs by the end of 2025, while Hive Digital aims to exceed 11,000 GPUs by the end of 2026 [44][51] 4. Future Outlook for AIDC Transformation - The report anticipates an acceleration in the transformation of Bitcoin mining companies to AIDC, as companies with more AI electricity capacity are valued higher in the market [55] - The report highlights the importance of companies having substantial electricity reserves and experience in AI cloud services for future investment opportunities [4][55]