人民网北京12月1日电 （记者郑瑜涵）12月1日，第三届"国际海洋争端解决与国际法"研讨会在北京举行。本 次研讨会由华阳海洋研究中心和中国海洋发展基金会共同主办，来自国际海洋法法庭、联合国国际法委员会、国 际海底管理局以及中国、英国、荷兰、葡萄牙、澳大利亚、德国、奥地利、布隆迪、喀麦隆、尼加拉瓜的高校、 智库机构学者、政府部门官员、驻华使领馆外交官以及中外媒体的近300名代表参加了会议。 华阳海洋研究中心理事长、中国南海研究院学术委员会主席吴士存在开幕式致欢迎辞。外交部副部长华春 莹、国际海底管理局秘书长卡瓦略、中国海洋发展基金会理事长吕滨在开幕式致辞；国际海洋法法庭庭长海达 尔、国际法委员会委员马新民在开幕式先后作主旨发言。 华春莹指出，"国际海洋争端解决与国际法"研讨会已连续举办三年，成为聚焦海洋问题、倡导国际法治的专 业平台，权威性和影响力持续上升。当前国际海洋法治受到部分国家单边行动、干扰国际海洋秩序的冲击，各国 应坚定维护《联合国宪章》宗旨和原则，依据国际法行使权利、履行义务，并在共识基础上不断推进完善国际法 治在海洋领域的应用。国际社会也应当支持一切有利于和平解决海洋争端的努力，切实尊重地区国家维 ...

Core Points - The third United Nations Ocean Conference opened on June 9 in Nice, France, marking the largest and highest-level ocean conference in recent years [2][3] - The BBNJ agreement, which aims to protect marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction, has seen a significant increase in the number of ratifying countries, reaching 50 [1][6][7] - The conference produced the "Nice Ocean Action Plan," including a political declaration and over 800 voluntary commitments from various stakeholders [4] Group 1: BBNJ Agreement - The BBNJ agreement fills a governance gap by providing a framework for establishing marine protected areas in international waters, which currently account for less than 2% of the ocean [1][7] - As of the conference, 31 countries had ratified the agreement, with an additional 19 countries ratifying it during the conference, leaving only 10 more needed for it to come into effect [6][7][8] - The French President's special envoy projected that by September, there would be 70 ratifications, allowing for the first conference of parties to be held by 2028 [8] Group 2: Conference Participation and Outcomes - The conference attracted 15,000 representatives, including 55 heads of state and government, indicating a heightened global focus on ocean protection [3][4] - The "Nice Ocean Action Plan" aims to unify countries in urgent action for ocean protection, although it lacks binding commitments [4] - The conference also highlighted the need for precaution in deep-sea mining, with 37 countries advocating for a pause or ban on such activities due to environmental concerns [9][10]