Core Insights - The increasing prevalence of multiple myeloma (MM) among the aging population in China poses significant health challenges, with a doubling of incidence and a 1.5 times increase in mortality over the past 30 years [1][3] - The five-year survival rate for MM patients in China is only 24.8%, indicating a critical need for improved diagnosis and treatment strategies [1][3] Group 1: Disease Overview - Multiple myeloma is the second most common hematological malignancy, particularly affecting individuals over 60, with 75% of cases occurring in this age group [1][3] - The disease is characterized by high heterogeneity, difficulty in treatment, and a tendency to relapse, with 70% of patients showing bone lesions at diagnosis [4][3] Group 2: Risk Factors - Genetic predisposition plays a significant role in the development of MM, with a higher incidence in individuals with a family history of hematological malignancies [2][3] - Environmental factors such as chemical exposure, radiation, chronic viral infections, and autoimmune diseases also contribute to the risk of developing MM [2][3] Group 3: Treatment Landscape - Recent advancements in treatment options include proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory agents, and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies, although relapse remains a major challenge [4][5] - Less than 10% of patients achieve long-term remission after first-line treatment, and about 25% experience early relapse [4][5] Group 4: Innovative Therapies - BCMA (B-cell maturation antigen) has emerged as a promising target for therapy, with various drug types such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), CAR-T, and bispecific antibodies showing potential [6][7] - Recent studies presented at the EHA 2025 conference indicate that BCMA ADCs provide higher efficacy and longer disease control compared to standard treatments in the Chinese population [7][8] Group 5: Future Directions - The goal is to enhance treatment efficacy for newly diagnosed patients, aiming for clinical cures and improved quality of life [9] - Continuous innovation in drug development is expected to further improve treatment outcomes for MM patients [9]