以下文章来源于内分泌早知道 ，作者关注内分泌的 内分泌早知道 . 深度分享内分泌用药经验、病例剖析、指南专业解读并紧跟国内外内分泌领域前沿进展，「每医健」旗下内容平台。 肥胖不仅是身材问题，更是健康"隐形杀手"！世界卫生组织早已将肥胖列为十大慢性疾病之一，它与代谢异常、心脑血管疾病、慢性肾 病乃至多种癌症都密切相关。最新研究发现，肥胖还会对大脑造成不可逆的损伤！ ◆ BMI指数暗藏健康密码 ▍中国近半人口面临超重困扰 最新数据显示，我国超重和肥胖人群比例高达49%。虽然我国不是肥胖率最高的国家，但庞大的人口基数使我们成为全球肥胖人口最多 的国家。这个数字背后，隐藏着巨大的健康危机。 国际通用的身体质量指数（BMI）是衡量肥胖程度的重要指标，计算公式为：体重（kg）÷身高²（m²）。国际标准将BMI 1 8.5- 25视 为正常范围，超过2 5为超重，30以上则达到肥胖标准。需要注意的是，中国采用更严格的BMI标准：1 8.5- 23.9为正常，24- 27.9为超 重，≥2 8即属于肥胖。 ◆ 惊人发现：肥胖让大脑提前衰老 首都医科大学最新研究揭示，体重超标会导致大脑白质病变加剧，脑容量缩小。更令人震惊的是， ...

人民网北京10月22日电 （记者乔业琼）你是否也试过这样减肥：拼命节食、疯狂运动，甚至尝试 各种网红"速瘦法"，结果要么越减越没力气，要么迅速反弹？一次次失败后，不禁自责："是不是我还 不够努力？" 它不同于商业减肥机构，其核心是以医学为基础，关注肥胖背后的病因、并发症以及长期健康。 哪些人应该去减重门诊或体重管理中心就诊？ 许多人认为只有超过200斤的胖子才有必要去减重门诊/体重管理中心，或者以为这里就是开药、做 手术的地方。这些误解，可能让你错过更科学、更健康的体重管理方式。事实上，只要你有体重困扰， 或者减肥遇到坎，都可以到这里寻求专业帮助。尤其是这几类人，建议优先去： 一是BMI指数超标者。如果BMI大于等于24千克/平方米，并且患有高血压、或2型糖尿病、血脂异 常、高尿酸血症、睡眠呼吸暂停综合征、多囊卵巢综合征等疾病，得去。如果BMI大于等于28千克/平 方米，哪怕没查出其他病，也建议去。 二是自己减肥总失败的人。多次自行减肥（如节食、运动）无效或体重反复反弹，甚至越减越胖 者，别再硬扛了，去看看问题出在哪。 三是有基础病，不敢随便减肥的人。比如有心脏病、肾病、胃病等，怕减肥伤身体，需要医生盯着 才 ...

Core Insights - The article challenges the prevailing notion that urban residents are more prone to obesity than rural residents, revealing that rural populations have experienced a faster increase in BMI over the past three decades [7][18]. Summary by Sections Urban vs. Rural Obesity - Obesity has been labeled as an "urban disease," attributed to easy access to high-calorie processed foods and a sedentary lifestyle in cities [7]. - A recent study published in *Nature* analyzed BMI trends from 1985 to 2017 across over 112 million adults in 200 countries, indicating a significant shift in understanding obesity risk [8][12]. BMI Trends - The average BMI for women globally increased from 22.6 to 24.7, while for men it rose from 22.2 to 24.4, translating to an average weight gain of 5 to 6 kg per person [12]. - Notably, rural populations have seen a BMI increase of 2.1 kg/m², compared to urban increases of 1.3 kg/m² for women and 1.6 kg/m² for men [15][16]. Factors Contributing to Rural Obesity - The study highlights that rural areas have become the primary drivers of global BMI increases, contributing over 50% of the global rise, with this figure reaching 80% in low- and middle-income countries [16][20]. - In China, rural men's BMI surged from 20.9 to 23.9, making it one of the fastest-growing obesity rates globally [18]. Misconceptions about Rural Life - Factors leading to increased weight in rural populations include lower income and education levels, limited access to fresh foods, and a lack of recreational facilities [20]. - The "urbanization" of rural lifestyles, characterized by improved food supply and increased consumption of ultra-processed foods, is also a significant factor [20]. Policy Implications - The findings suggest a need for countries to prioritize intervention strategies targeting rural populations, which have been overlooked in obesity research and policy-making [21].

Core Viewpoint - A new study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine emphasizes the need for a revised Body Mass Index (BMI) standard for Asian populations due to unique obesity characteristics that increase health risks even at lower BMI levels [4][5]. Group 1: Research Findings - The research led by Dr. Simar S. Bajaj indicates that Asians are prone to central obesity, which poses higher health risks such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, even with a lower BMI [5]. - The study advocates for the establishment of specific BMI thresholds for Asian populations, highlighting the necessity for further research to determine exact values [5]. - Current global obesity diagnostic standards may undergo significant changes based on these findings, as the study suggests that existing standards do not adequately reflect the health risks faced by Asians [5]. Group 2: Current Standards and Discrepancies - The World Health Organization (WHO) has not set a unified standard for obesity in Asia, allowing countries to adjust their standards based on local health risks, leading to significant discrepancies among countries like India and China [7]. - In the United States, there is ongoing debate regarding the classification of Asian populations under a single BMI standard, with some organizations proposing adjustments to the BMI thresholds for Asian individuals [8][9]. - The American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) have suggested lowering the BMI screening thresholds for Asians to 23 kg/m² and 27.5 kg/m² respectively [9]. Group 3: Implications for Future Research - Recent studies indicate that different Asian ethnic groups exhibit varying diabetes risk levels at the same BMI, challenging the notion of a homogeneous Asian population regarding obesity risk [11]. - A large-scale study involving 147,000 participants confirmed that the BMI threshold for diabetes risk differs significantly among ethnic groups, necessitating a more nuanced approach to obesity standards [11]. - The research highlights the importance of incorporating additional metrics such as waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio, especially for populations with a BMI of 23 or higher, to enhance the precision of obesity assessments [11].