Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the potential of RNA therapies in treating neurodegenerative diseases and reversing aging, highlighting the advancements in RNA research and its implications for human health [1][25]. Group 1: RNA and Its Functions - RNA plays a crucial role in cellular signaling and is involved in various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders and aging [1]. - It serves not only as a messenger between DNA and proteins but also has regulatory functions and can act as a drug target or even as a drug itself [4][5]. - The discovery of non-coding RNAs has expanded the understanding of RNA's diverse roles in growth, development, and disease processes [5][9]. Group 2: Research Focus and Discoveries - The research led by the expert has evolved from basic RNA studies to applications in treating diseases, particularly focusing on neurodegenerative diseases and potential therapeutic solutions [14][18]. - Significant findings include the relationship between RNA abnormalities and neurodegenerative diseases, where pathological aggregates containing RNA are linked to disease progression [15][17]. - The expert's lab is investigating genetic factors related to aging, aiming to understand the mechanisms that determine lifespan and the role of RNA in these processes [22][23]. Group 3: Challenges and Future Prospects - The aging population presents a growing clinical demand for effective treatments for neurodegenerative diseases, with a significant portion of the elderly potentially developing conditions like Alzheimer's [26]. - Despite the challenges, there is optimism regarding breakthroughs in RNA therapies, gene therapy, and cellular therapy that could lead to new treatment options for complex diseases [25][26]. - The future of RNA therapy is promising, with ongoing research expected to yield new insights and potential cures, although specific timelines for breakthroughs remain uncertain [26].