Group 1 - The Japanese Ministry of Defense expressed serious concerns over the close encounters between Chinese aircraft and Japanese surveillance planes, indicating potential risks of misjudgment and conflict [1][3] - Japanese Self-Defense Forces reported that on July 7 and 8, their P-3C patrol aircraft were closely tracked by Chinese J-15 fighter jets, with distances as close as approximately 45 meters for durations of 40 and 80 minutes respectively [3] - The Chinese Ministry of Defense criticized Japan's close monitoring as dangerous and urged Japan to cease what it termed as unnecessary interference that could harm bilateral relations and regional stability [3][4] Group 2 - Chinese naval operations involving the Liaoning and Shandong aircraft carriers in the Western Pacific are routine training exercises aimed at enhancing defense capabilities, conducted in accordance with international law [3][4] - The Chinese government maintains a defensive military policy and encourages Japan to adopt a more objective and rational perspective regarding China's naval activities [4]

Core Viewpoint - The USS Washington aircraft carrier has quietly departed from Tokyo Bay for its first mission since returning to Japan last year, coinciding with increased activities of the Chinese navy in the region [1][3][4]. Group 1: USS Washington Departure - The USS Washington left Tokyo Bay on June 10, marking its first operational deployment since returning to the Yokosuka base on November 22 of the previous year [1][3]. - The departure was low-key, with only about 20 people present to see the ship off [1]. - Prior to this deployment, the USS Washington conducted brief sea trials from May 25 to June 4 [1]. Group 2: Context of Chinese Naval Activities - The departure of the USS Washington coincided with increased activities of the Chinese navy, with reports indicating that both the Liaoning and Shandong aircraft carriers were simultaneously active in the Pacific [4]. - The Japanese Ministry of Defense has been monitoring the movements of Chinese vessels in the area [4]. - A Chinese naval spokesperson stated that the recent exercises involving the Liaoning and Shandong were routine training aimed at enhancing operational capabilities, conducted in accordance with international law [4].

Economic Overview - China's economic share of US GDP has decreased from nearly 80% to over 60%, indicating challenges in surpassing the US in total economic size [1] - The US has maintained an average economic growth rate of over 2% in recent years, with GDP increasing from $20 trillion in 2018 to $27.72 trillion in 2023 [3] - Factors such as the US-China trade war and Federal Reserve interest rate hikes have negatively impacted China's economy, leading to a depreciation of the RMB and widening the nominal GDP gap with the US [5] Military Comparison - The Chinese military has completed reforms and now possesses several advanced heavy and medium combined brigades, while the US Army has fewer combined units due to a focus on counterinsurgency warfare [7] - In naval capabilities, while the US Navy has an advantage in nuclear-powered aircraft carriers, China's naval advancements, such as the Fujian aircraft carrier with electromagnetic catapults, show significant progress [9][10] - China's naval fleet is expanding rapidly, with the potential to surpass the US in numbers, as the US's Nimitz-class carriers approach retirement [12] - In the air force sector, China's J-20 is in large-scale production, while the US's F-22 production has ceased, indicating a potential shift in air superiority [12]