Core Viewpoint - The under-forest economy is increasingly recognized for its role in promoting ecological protection and economic development, contributing to rural revitalization and aligning with the "Two Mountains" theory [1][2]. Group 1: Economic Impact - The under-forest economy has an annual output value of approximately 1 trillion yuan, benefiting millions of forest farmers [3]. - It provides new income channels for farmers in mountainous and forested areas, enhancing their financial stability and stimulating local economies [1][3]. Group 2: Environmental Benefits - The under-forest economy adheres to ecological principles, promoting sustainable practices such as the integration of planting and breeding, which reduces chemical fertilizer and pesticide use [2]. - It transforms natural landscapes into economic opportunities through activities like forest tourism and wellness, contributing to the green upgrade of the tertiary industry [2]. Group 3: Development Strategies - Effective policies are needed to tailor the development of the under-forest economy to local conditions, avoiding a one-size-fits-all approach [3]. - Strengthening support through research and promotion of key technologies, as well as providing training and market information, is essential for enhancing the economic value of under-forest products [3]. - Fostering brand development and integrating the under-forest economy with tourism and cultural industries can extend the value chain and maximize benefits [3].

Core Insights - The under-forest economy is increasingly recognized for its role in promoting the transformation of "two mountains" and achieving a balance between ecological protection and economic development, as highlighted in key government documents [1][2][3] Group 1: Economic Impact - The under-forest economy has an annual output value of approximately 1 trillion yuan, benefiting millions of forest farmers and contributing to poverty alleviation [3] - It provides a new income channel for farmers in mountainous and forested areas, enhancing their financial stability and stimulating local economies [1][3] Group 2: Environmental Benefits - The under-forest economy aligns with the principles of green development, emphasizing ecological balance and the sustainable use of resources, which reduces chemical fertilizer and pesticide usage [2] - It promotes biodiversity and maintains the ecological functions of forests while converting ecological advantages into economic benefits [1][2] Group 3: Development Strategies - Effective policies are needed to tailor the development of the under-forest economy to local conditions, avoiding a one-size-fits-all approach [3] - Strengthening support through technology research, product processing, and social services is essential for enhancing the economic value of under-forest products [3] - Fostering brand development and integrating the under-forest economy with tourism and cultural industries can further enhance its value chain and market competitiveness [3]