特别提示 微信机制调整，点击顶部"仪器信息网" → 右上方"…" → 设为 ★ 星标，否则很可能无法看到我们的推送。 植物 在面对植食性昆虫时，并非被动承受。除了感知物理损伤，它们更能主动"侦察" 来自昆虫的特定信号分子，从而 启动精准防御。然而，相较于对病原微生物识别机制的清晰认知，植物如何"识别"昆虫并激活免疫，其分子细节长期 处于未知状态。 2 0 2 5 年3月6日，中国科学院分子植物科学卓越创新中心毛颖波研究组在《New Ph y t o l o g ist》上发表重要研究成果， 在该领域取得关键突破。他们发现拟南芥能够像识别病原菌一样，通过一套精密的免疫识别系统来感知昆虫的口器分泌 物，并成功解码了由此触发的增强抗虫性的完整信号通路。 核心发现 植物能以依赖于BAK1 /BIK1核心免疫元件的方式，特异性感知包括棉铃虫在内的多种鳞翅目昆虫的口器分泌物。 该识别过程会触发由RBOHD介导的、在质外空间发生的两次活性氧（ROS）爆发，而单纯的机械损伤无法诱导ROS积 累。 此 次 虫 咬 诱 导 的 活 性 氧 ， 并 非 作 为 终 点 ， 而 是 作 为 关 键 信 号 ， 显 著 加 速 了 植 ...

Core Viewpoint - The research conducted by Wang Jiawei's team at the Chinese Academy of Sciences has made significant advancements in plant developmental biology by creating a unified cell atlas of vascular plants, which enhances gene discovery and addresses the challenges of gene redundancy in forward genetics [5][6]. Group 1: Research Breakthroughs - The study published in the journal Cell presents the world's first integrated cell atlas of vascular plants, identifying foundational genes for various cell types, thus overcoming bottlenecks in efficient gene discovery [5][6]. - The research team constructed a shoot apex single-cell atlas across six representative species, revealing the foundational gene framework for key plant cell types, significantly improving gene function exploration efficiency [6][7]. Group 2: Methodological Innovations - The team developed an automated cell classification algorithm tool for vascular plant cell types, accelerating the analysis and application of single-cell data [7][10]. - By comparing cross-species single-cell transcriptome maps, the team identified core gene modules for conserved cell types, enabling precise candidate gene screening and avoiding redundancy from random mutations [6][10]. Group 3: New Discoveries - The research identified novel regulatory factors and cell types, including previously unrecognized X8 domain proteins and JULGI-LIKE proteins, which are regulatory factors for phloem development [6][10]. - The study also recognized a new cell type, companion cell-like cells, in ferns and gymnosperms, expanding the understanding of plant cell diversity [6].

Core Insights - The article discusses the critical role of auxin, the first discovered plant hormone, in coordinating various aspects of plant growth and development, as well as its response to environmental signals [2][5] - A significant breakthrough in the field of plant hormone transport is highlighted, with the first report of the three-dimensional structure of the auxin influx protein AUX1, elucidating its molecular mechanism for transporting auxin into cells [3][5] Group 1: Auxin and Its Mechanism - Auxin plays a vital role in regulating plant growth and development, influencing processes such as root and bud formation, stem and leaf growth, and responses to light and gravity [2][5] - The unique polar auxin transport (PAT) system relies on the formation of concentration gradients, which are essential for auxin's various functions within the plant [2][5] - The transport of auxin is mediated by three families of proteins: the PIN and ABCB families for efflux, and the AUX1/LAX family for influx, with the latter being crucial for understanding the polar transport mechanism [2][5] Group 2: Recent Research Findings - The recent study published in the journal Cell reveals the characteristics of auxin transport mediated by the AUX1 protein in Arabidopsis, utilizing cryo-electron microscopy to determine its structure in three states: unbound, auxin-bound, and bound to a competitive inhibitor [3][5][7] - The binding of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) to AUX1 is primarily through hydrogen bonds formed by its carboxyl group, with key amino acid residues validated through in vitro and in vivo analyses [5][7] - The findings fill a critical gap in understanding the polar transport of auxin and pave the way for future development of small molecule regulators based on these transport proteins, which could have applications in agricultural herbicide development and enhancing crop yield and environmental adaptability [7]