Group 1 - China's 5G infrastructure is robust, with a total of 4.439 million 5G base stations expected by April 2025, which is more than three times the number in the United States [4][5] - Chinese companies hold over 40% of the global 5G standard essential patents, leading the world in this area [3][4] - Despite strong infrastructure, the economic returns from 5G have been relatively slow, with direct economic output estimated at approximately 5.6 trillion yuan since commercialization, and average revenue per user (ARPU) only about 10% higher than 4G [5][7] Group 2 - The U.S. approach to 5G is characterized by limited government involvement, with major telecom companies like Verizon and AT&T being conservative in their investments [8][10] - SpaceX's Starlink has emerged as a significant player in the U.S. communication landscape, deploying over 8,000 low Earth orbit satellites and achieving global coverage, with user numbers exceeding 4 million [10][11] - Starlink's business model demonstrates a successful market-driven approach, achieving profitability without heavy government support, contrasting with China's reliance on policy incentives for 5G deployment [10][11] Group 3 - The Chinese market has seen significant advancements in e-commerce and social communication applications, driven by market dynamics rather than government policy [11][13] - The current challenge for China's 5G lies in the lack of deep integration into high-value sectors such as industry and healthcare, with many applications remaining superficial [7][15] - There is a need for a better alignment between technological advancements and actual market demands to avoid creating "technology islands" that do not meet real-world needs [15][18]