Group 1 - Fitch Ratings has downgraded the growth outlook for North American non-financial companies for 2025, changing the rating outlook from "stable" to "negative" [1] - The downgrade is attributed to the potential impact of high tariff policies by the U.S. government, which may trigger a new wave of inflation and weaken consumer purchasing power, creating dual pressure on economic operations [1] - The downgrade affects several consumer-oriented sectors, including retail, alcoholic beverages, food services, global automotive manufacturing, and oil and gas extraction [1] Group 2 - Fitch notes that companies are struggling to maintain operational data through price increase strategies, contrasting with the previous inflation cycle of 2022-2023, where strong employment and fiscal stimulus supported consumer markets [1] - The agency predicts that if consumers cannot absorb price increases from tariffs, companies will be forced to adopt unconventional operational strategies, such as cost-cutting and delaying capital expenditures to maintain cash flow [1] - Despite the downgrade, Fitch maintains its basic judgment that the U.S. economy will not experience a technical recession in 2025-2026, but highlights that regulatory policy uncertainty is eroding economic growth momentum [1] Group 3 - In terms of industry rating differentiation, Fitch maintains a "stable" outlook for software technology services and business services, citing digital transformation demand as a stable support for related companies [2] - The aerospace and defense industry received an upgrade, driven by the recovery of the global civil aviation market leading to increased aircraft orders and sustained defense budget investments from major economies [2]