Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the news is that the anti-dumping duties on polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) are being maintained and adjusted to protect domestic industries from foreign competition, particularly from Japan and the United States [2][7] - The anti-dumping tax rates for different companies range from 23.3% to 220.9%, with Japanese companies facing specific rates, the highest being 34.5% for Sumitomo Bakelite, while U.S. companies have the highest rates reaching up to 220.9% [2][4] - The demand for PPS is increasing significantly in China due to the growth of the automotive industry and emerging sectors like robotics, making it a crucial product for domestic supply chains [5][7] Group 2 - Japan has a strong presence in the PPS market, with several companies having high production capacities, while Chinese companies like Zhejiang Xinheng are emerging as leaders in the domestic market [4] - PPS is characterized by its high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and excellent mechanical properties, making it suitable for applications in automotive electronics and robotics [5] - The Chinese government is implementing comprehensive countermeasures against Japan, indicating that the anti-dumping duties on PPS are likely to continue as part of a broader strategy to protect domestic industries [9]