Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the cultural significance and historical context of ancient astronomical maps, specifically the "Dunhuang Star Map" and the "Suzhou Stone Carved Star Map," highlighting their roles in human exploration of the universe and the exchange of civilizations [1][2]. Summary by Sections Dunhuang Star Map - The "Dunhuang Star Map," created in the early 8th century, is recognized as the world's earliest hand-drawn star map, featuring 1359 stars depicted in red and black [1]. - This map serves as a testament to the exchange between Eastern and Western civilizations, integrating Persian astronomical algorithms and Indian astrological wisdom with the Chinese star system [1]. Suzhou Stone Carved Star Map - The "Suzhou Stone Carved Star Map," created approximately 500 years later, is the oldest scientifically measured stone star map in China, measuring 2.16 meters in length and 1.08 meters in width [2]. - It features concentric circles with the North Pole at the center and divides the visible sky into sections for the twenty-eight lunar mansions, linking celestial phenomena with Confucian ethics [2]. Cultural Significance - Both maps reflect the wisdom and historical richness of ancient civilizations, with the "Dunhuang Star Map" embodying romantic exploration and the "Suzhou Stone Carved Star Map" representing rational understanding of the cosmos [2].

2 0 1 8年春晚，一件特殊的国家文物惊艳亮相。 它曾流落海外，被日本收藏机构秘藏，无人知晓。 2 0 1 7年， 许荣茂先生以 1.3亿元 从收藏家中收购，并无偿捐赠给了故宫博物院。 这就是轰动世界的《丝路山水地图》。 "丝路山水万余里，此图一出天下知。" 这幅来自 出自明代的长卷， 全长 30.12米、幅宽0.59米 。 相当于 3张《千里江山图》，6张《清明上河图》 。 从嘉峪关出发，横跨万里。 途 经 中 国 敦 煌 ， 阿 富 汗 的 赫 拉 特 、 伊 朗 的 伊 斯 法 罕 、 叙 利 亚 的 大 马 士 革 等 ， 抵 达 天 方 城 ——今天的麦加。 "望星楼" 今乌兹别克斯坦著名的"兀鲁伯天文台" 它呈现的是古人用双脚丈量过的土地， 记录下的是 千年丝绸之路最后的辉煌。 "黑楼城" 今阿富汗赫拉特城 关山叠嶂，城池点缀，绿洲延绵，像是一首缓慢铺展的千年长歌。 从西汉刘歆的《七略》开始，中国古代就是典籍文字浩瀚，地图却很少见。 "所谓图者，寥寥十不得一"。 这其中，还有很大一部分，流落海外， 隐匿在博物馆深处或私人藏家手中 ， 对 普 通 人 而 言，想一睹真容，难如登天。 《敦煌星图》局 ...