美国佐治亚理工学院和德国不来梅大学的研究人员，此次利用落塔试验模拟了类似空间站的低重力环 境，演示了去除水电解过程中电极表面气泡的一种简易方法。他们发现，在电解装置中放入商用钕磁铁 后，因磁场增强，氧气气泡更容易脱离电极。这种方法能加快低重力环境下氧气和氢气的制取速度。 研究人员还设计了能在低重力下，通过分离气泡分解水的概念验证装置，其效率接近地球环境下的数 值。 目前，研究人员仍需在低重力环境下开展进一步测试。但这项发现意味着，这种方法将能用于优化水分 解装置，从而应用于未来的宇宙探索与太空旅行。 （文章来源：科技日报） 最新一期《自然·化学》发表的一项概念验证研究显示，利用现有商用磁铁可助力太空制氧，使未改装 装置在微重力环境下水分解率最多提升240%，有望为人类宇航员制取更多氧气以更高效探索宇宙。 太空任务需要高效轻便的人类生命支持系统，但当前系统譬如国际空间站上的系统，依赖复杂的机械元 件且耗电巨大，因此需要找到更简便和更可靠的替代方案。 在电解水过程中，通过电极将水转化成可呼吸的氧气，这能减少向航天器额外运送的燃料和空气。不 过，由于缺乏浮力，低重力下产生的气泡无法像在地球上那样顺利离开电极表面，这 ...

中新社合肥8月24日电 题：国际月球科研站"朋友圈"为何越来越大？ ——专访深空探测实验室研究员、系统研究院战略室主任任筱强 中新社记者 张强 贾亦夫 国际月球科研站是中国倡议发起、多国参与在月球表面、月球轨道和地面建设的综合性科学实验设施。 国际月球科研站蓝图如何勾勒？如何推动国际月球科研站全球合作开放共享？深空探测实验室研究员、 系统研究院战略室主任任筱强近日接受中新社"东西问"专访，解读上述问题。 现将访谈实录摘要如下： 中新社记者：中国为何提出合作建设国际月球科研站？ 任筱强：当今世界范围内的月球探测任务呈现出四大发展趋势，即以重大科学发现与月球资源开发利用 为主要目标，以长期驻留开展广泛的探测活动为主要方式，以政府牵引、传统航天和新兴航天企业参与 为共同力量，以广泛的国际合作为实施途径。 深空探测实验室由中国国家航天局、安徽省、中国科学技术大学三方共建，是一所面向世界航天科技前 沿和中国航天强国战略要求，围绕深空探测领域国家重大科技工程和国际大科学计划，开展战略性、前 瞻性、基础性研究，实现科学、技术、工程融合发展的新型科技研发机构。近年来，深空探测实验室有 力支撑鹊桥二号、嫦娥六号等国家深空探测重 ...

Core Points - Chinese scientists successfully detected a laser signal reflected from a 10-centimeter diameter retroreflector on the Moon, marking a significant achievement in space exploration [1][4] - This accomplishment makes China the fourth country to complete such measurements, following France, Germany, and the United States [4] - The new generation of lunar retroreflectors offers higher precision compared to previous models, despite being more challenging to observe due to their smaller size and weaker signals [6][8] Group 1 - The laser echoes were received from a set of retroreflectors installed on the lunar surface, which serve as reference points for measuring distances in space [3] - The measurement process involves sending laser pulses from ground observation stations to the retroreflectors and calculating the time taken for the pulses to return [3] - The difficulty of detecting such a small target from a distance of approximately 380,000 kilometers is likened to finding a grain of sand on an aircraft carrier's deck [8] Group 2 - The "Tianqin Project" aims to continuously collect data from the retroreflectors to accumulate high-precision Earth-Moon distance measurements [10] - This data will be used for research on gravitational forces, the evolution of the Earth-Moon system, and will lay the groundwork for future gravitational wave detection in space [10]

Core Concept - The "Interstellar Navigation" exhibition at the Zhengjia Science Museum and Planetarium offers an immersive experience that combines scientific knowledge about celestial bodies, physics, ecology, and survival with interactive challenges, allowing visitors to explore the universe while reflecting on their own world [1][12]. Group 1: Exhibition Overview - The exhibition is set against the backdrop of humanity's deep space exploration by 2050, featuring a journey from a space visa center to the Moon and Mars, transforming abstract astronomical knowledge into tangible experiences [3][10]. - It includes three main areas, with five photo spots, seven interactive installations, two AI interaction experiences, and six multimedia interactions, engaging visitors of all ages through a task-oriented exploration [3][10]. Group 2: Space Visa Center - The first area, the "Space Visa Center," is designed as a futuristic hub where visitors receive a space ticket and undergo pre-training, experiencing extreme temperature differences and understanding the scientific considerations of transporting materials in space [5][10]. Group 3: Moon Landing Experience - The "Moon Landing" section creates an immersive environment that simulates the Moon's surface, allowing visitors to reflect on Earth while learning about humanity's exploration history through a timeline and interactive features that connect personal experiences to lunar phases [8][10]. Group 4: Mars Adventure - The "Mars Adventure" area replicates the mysterious atmosphere of the red planet, showcasing its geological features and explaining the technology for extracting water and oxygen from Martian soil, while simulating a Martian dust storm experience [10][12]. Group 5: Educational Impact - The exhibition encourages visitors to ponder questions about humanity's relationship with the universe, from the reasons for lunar exploration to the necessities for living on Mars, seamlessly integrating fun with educational insights [12].

Core Viewpoint - The exhibition "Mysterious Visitors from the Stars - Meteorites" aims to combine scientific exploration with cultural experience, showcasing 102 precious meteorite specimens to the public [1][3]. Group 1: Exhibition Details - The exhibition is organized by the Heilongjiang Provincial Museum, Jilin University School of Earth Sciences, and Harbin Meteorite Society [3]. - It features four main sections: "Interstellar Messengers - Introduction to Meteorites," "Gifts from the Universe - Pursuing Meteorites," "Scientific Secrets - Researching Meteorites," and "Protecting Our Home - Walking in the Universe" [3]. - Visitors can closely appreciate rare meteorite specimens, including lunar and Martian meteorites, and have the opportunity to touch the Altai iron meteorite [3][5]. Group 2: Educational Initiatives - The Heilongjiang Provincial Museum launched a special youth science education program titled "Visitors from Outer Space," aimed at teaching students about the origins and classifications of meteorites through interactive experiences [5]. - Experts will conduct a series of science lectures during the exhibition to help the public understand the deep space secrets contained within these "visitors from outer space" [7].

Core Viewpoint - The "Tian Guan" satellite has successfully captured a fleeting cosmic X-ray signal, providing a new perspective on the process of stellar death, marking a significant advancement in the field of time-domain astronomy [5][6]. Group 1: Satellite Overview - "Tian Guan" satellite is the first large-field X-ray imaging satellite in the world, designed for high-sensitivity real-time dynamic sky monitoring in the soft X-ray band [5][10]. - The satellite aims to discover transient sources and explosive celestial bodies, referred to as "cosmic fireworks," which appear briefly and then vanish [8][9]. - The satellite's name is derived from a historical supernova event recorded in ancient China, symbolizing a reconnection with historical astronomical observations [6][7]. Group 2: Technical Innovations - The satellite features three standout characteristics: large field of view, high sensitivity, and precise positioning, enabling it to detect and locate transient sources effectively [10][11]. - It employs a unique "big eye" and "small eye" design, utilizing 12 soft X-ray telescopes for wide-field observation and 2 follow-up X-ray telescopes for detailed imaging [11][12]. - The "Tian Guan" satellite incorporates "lobster eye" microchannel optical technology, allowing it to focus soft X-rays effectively, which is a significant innovation in X-ray astronomy [12][13]. Group 3: Communication and Collaboration - The satellite is designed to communicate effectively with ground-based equipment and other satellites, establishing a real-time communication network using VHF and BeiDou short message systems [15]. - This communication capability enhances the satellite's observational effectiveness by allowing rapid sharing of data with global astronomical observatories [15]. Group 4: Team and Talent Development - The development team for the "Tian Guan" satellite is relatively young, with a focus on fostering new talent in the field of space science, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary skills [16][17]. - The team aims to cultivate a new generation of space science professionals who are passionate about long-term engagement in this field, ensuring sustainable development [18][19].

Group 1 - The Guangdong Heyuan Dinosaur Museum houses over 20,000 dinosaur egg fossils, the largest collection in the world, providing insights into the mysteries of the Cretaceous period [1][3] - The museum features a variety of dinosaur eggs, including crystal-like eggs and thin-shelled eggs, each containing unique historical information [3] - The museum serves as a significant base for scientific research and public education about dinosaurs and Earth's evolutionary history [9] Group 2 - The Xiamen Science and Technology Museum has become a popular destination this summer, averaging over 10,000 visitors daily, with nearly 400 interactive exhibits [11] - The museum showcases the first public display of a 10-meter-long adult beaked whale specimen, which was salvaged and preserved after stranding in 2021 [13] - The exhibition includes interactive experiences that educate visitors about whale evolution and biology, enhancing engagement through immersive storytelling [19] Group 3 - The Shandong Museum is currently hosting the "Silver Sparrow Mountain Han Bamboo Slip Culture Exhibition," featuring nearly 5,000 bamboo slips unearthed from a Han tomb [21][23] - The exhibition presents significant historical artifacts, including the "Art of War" by Sun Tzu and Sun Bin, resolving long-standing historical debates [23] - The exhibition will last for three months and includes academic lectures and bamboo slip-making experiences for visitors [23] Group 4 - The National Museum's "Cosmic Archaeology: Time Exploration" exhibition opened on July 3, showcasing the visualization of data related to cosmic exploration [24][26] - The exhibition features various interactive displays, including a simulator for the Square Kilometer Array radio telescope and ancient astronomical maps [28] - This exhibition aims to merge science and art, making the invisible aspects of the universe visible to the public [26][28]

Core Viewpoint - The exhibition "Cosmic Archaeology: Exploring Time and Space" is organized to celebrate the 75th anniversary of diplomatic relations between China and Switzerland, showcasing the intersection of scientific exploration and artistic interpretation through various interactive and digital installations [4][11]. Group 1: Exhibition Overview - The exhibition is co-hosted by the National Museum of China, the Swiss Embassy in China, and the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, with support from Tsinghua University [1][4]. - It features four main sections: "Instruments and Technology: Mapping the Universe," "Big Data in the Night Sky," "Sustainable Space," and "Future: Planetary Journeys" [4]. Group 2: Featured Installations - The installation "Star Patrol Sculpture" utilizes retired aluminum plates from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) project to create a dynamic art piece that encourages reflection on the workings of the universe [6]. - The interactive installation "Cosmic Collision" visualizes celestial phenomena using approximately 500 deep-space images collected by NASA, enhancing audience engagement through immersive technology [8]. - "Archaeology of Light" takes data from the Virtual Reality Universe Project (VIRUP) to explore the evolution of the universe, tracing back to the cosmic microwave background radiation and the universe's origin 13.8 billion years ago [10]. Group 3: Themes and Insights - The exhibition addresses the relationship between humanity, Earth, and the universe, emphasizing the visualization of cosmic data and images, as well as the exploration of space pollution and future human survival in space [11]. - It aims to construct a historical narrative of human exploration of the universe from multiple dimensions, showcasing the collaborative achievements of contemporary scientific research across borders and disciplines [11]. Group 4: Public Engagement - The exhibition will officially open to the public on July 3, inviting visitors to explore the mysteries of the universe and reflect on the significance of life [13].

Core Viewpoint - The exhibition "Cosmic Archaeology: Exploration of Time and Space" showcases the intersection of scientific exploration and artistic interpretation, presenting data and concepts related to the universe through various interactive and visual forms [1][3]. Group 1: Exhibition Overview - The exhibition is organized by the National Museum of China, the Swiss Embassy in China, and the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, with collaboration from Tsinghua University's Department of Astronomy and Academy of Arts [1]. - It features four main sections: "Instruments and Technology: Mapping the Universe," "Big Data in the Starry Sky," "Sustainable Space," and "Future: Planetary Journeys" [3]. Group 2: Key Exhibits - The exhibit includes the "Southern Song Astronomical Map Stele Rubbing," which presents a detailed star map with 1,434 stars, showcasing a more systematic and complete representation than contemporary European star maps [3]. - An interactive installation titled "Cosmic Collision" visualizes astrophysical phenomena using approximately 500 deep-space images collected by NASA, enhancing audience engagement through immersive technology [5]. - The video installation "Archaeology of Light" takes viewers on a journey from Earth to the origins of the universe, providing a deeper understanding of cosmic history [5]. - The "Interstellar Clock" installation simulates the relative positions of Earth, space stations, the Moon, Mars, and the Sun, illustrating the passage of time during interstellar travel [7]. Group 3: Public Engagement - The exhibition will open to the public on July 3 and will be displayed at the National Museum of China for three months [7].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the cultural significance and historical context of ancient astronomical maps, specifically the "Dunhuang Star Map" and the "Suzhou Stone Carved Star Map," highlighting their roles in human exploration of the universe and the exchange of civilizations [1][2]. Summary by Sections Dunhuang Star Map - The "Dunhuang Star Map," created in the early 8th century, is recognized as the world's earliest hand-drawn star map, featuring 1359 stars depicted in red and black [1]. - This map serves as a testament to the exchange between Eastern and Western civilizations, integrating Persian astronomical algorithms and Indian astrological wisdom with the Chinese star system [1]. Suzhou Stone Carved Star Map - The "Suzhou Stone Carved Star Map," created approximately 500 years later, is the oldest scientifically measured stone star map in China, measuring 2.16 meters in length and 1.08 meters in width [2]. - It features concentric circles with the North Pole at the center and divides the visible sky into sections for the twenty-eight lunar mansions, linking celestial phenomena with Confucian ethics [2]. Cultural Significance - Both maps reflect the wisdom and historical richness of ancient civilizations, with the "Dunhuang Star Map" embodying romantic exploration and the "Suzhou Stone Carved Star Map" representing rational understanding of the cosmos [2].