Core Perspective - Leonardo da Vinci's "The Last Supper" is not only a pinnacle of Renaissance art but also a timeless monument in human civilization, reflecting complex human emotions and the spirit of an era [1] Group 1: Technological Innovation and Historical Context - The painting was commissioned by Duke Ludovico Sforza for the refectory of the Santa Maria delle Grazie church during a time of political turmoil and cultural innovation in late 15th-century Milan [2] - Da Vinci employed a mixed technique of tempera and oil on a dry plaster wall, which led to preservation issues, making it a classic example of the conflict between artistic innovation and preservation [2] - His interdisciplinary approach, integrating anatomy and optics into the artwork, exemplifies the Renaissance spirit of blending art and science [2] Group 2: Revolutionary Composition and Visual Language - The composition breaks from medieval iconography, with Jesus at the center and the apostles arranged in groups, creating dynamic tension through body language and expressions [3] - The use of single-point perspective draws the viewer into the scene, enhancing the immersive experience and influencing future stage design [3] Group 3: Philosophical Expression of Light and Color - Da Vinci's mastery of chiaroscuro creates a dramatic contrast between light and shadow, symbolizing the duality of light and darkness [4] - The color palette, dominated by earth tones, emphasizes the vibrancy of Jesus' attire, reinforcing the theme of unity between divinity and humanity [4] Group 4: Cultural Significance and Timeless Influence - The painting transforms a biblical narrative into a human drama, reflecting the Renaissance's humanistic ideals [6] - Its influence extends to various art forms and modern media, serving as a symbol of betrayal and loyalty in contemporary culture [6] Group 5: Controversies and Mysteries - The restoration history of "The Last Supper" has sparked debates over the balance between preservation and historical integrity [7] - Misinterpretations of the artwork, such as those presented in popular culture, highlight its enduring ability to inspire imagination and discussion [7]

Core Viewpoint - Zeng Fanzhi has become a symbol of contemporary Chinese art, breaking the billion yuan mark in art sales, with his work "The Last Supper" fetching 1.81 billion HKD, setting a record for contemporary Asian art [2][8]. Group 1: Artistic Journey - Zeng Fanzhi's career began in 1990 with a controversial exhibition that showcased his bold use of red paint, which was deemed excessive [2]. - His artistic evolution includes several phases, starting from the influence of German Expressionism in the early 1990s, moving to the iconic "Mask" series, and later developing a unique "chaotic brush" style [5][7]. - The "Mask" series, characterized by figures wearing pale masks, reflects urban alienation and has become a signature of his work [4]. Group 2: Market Impact - Zeng Fanzhi's artworks are considered "hard currency" in the art market, with total sales exceeding 35.8 billion CNY, consistently placing him at the top of contemporary Chinese artists [9]. - His auction records include "The Last Supper" at 1.81 billion HKD and "The Concord Hospital Series No. 3" at 48.45 million HKD, showcasing his market dominance [8][9]. - The rise of Zeng's market value is linked to the emergence of a new wealthy class in China, which views his works as cultural investments and status symbols [10]. Group 3: Cultural Significance - Zeng Fanzhi's contributions have established a global discourse on contemporary Chinese art, with his "Mask" symbol interpreted as a reflection of identity anxiety in a globalized context [10]. - His chaotic brush style challenges the aesthetic barriers between Eastern and Western art, representing a significant cultural dialogue [10]. - Despite ongoing controversies regarding his artistic direction, Zeng's journey from a struggling artist to a prominent figure in international art reflects the transformation of contemporary Chinese art from imitation to establishing its own identity [10].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the phenomenon of art appreciation in the context of social media, questioning whether audiences can truly engage with art or are merely using it as a backdrop for social media posts [1][3]. Group 1: Art Engagement - Many visitors to art exhibitions, such as the "Picasso: Dialogue with Asia" at M+ Museum, prioritize taking photos over genuinely appreciating the artwork [1][3]. - The trend of using art as a social media backdrop diminishes the intrinsic value of the art itself, as people focus more on sharing their experiences rather than understanding the art [3][4]. Group 2: Art Education and Understanding - The article highlights the need for improved art education, as many art buyers view artworks merely as investment tools without comprehending their deeper meanings [3]. - Understanding modern art, such as Picasso's works, requires knowledge of artistic movements like Cubism, which is often lacking among the general public [3][4]. Group 3: Immersive Experience - A successful exhibition can transport audiences into the artist's world, fostering a deeper connection and understanding of their expressions and thoughts [4]. - The importance of being present and immersing oneself in the artwork is emphasized, suggesting that true appreciation comes from experiencing art without distractions like smartphones [4].