项目负责人伊万·马丁教授表示："尽管小鼠模型为骨髓研究奠定了基础，但人类与动物的生物学差异显 著。新模型能更精准地模拟人体造血机制，尤其在疾病建模和药物筛选中具有不可替代的优势。" 团队成员安德烈斯·加西亚博士补充道，该系统有望减少血癌研究中对动物试验的依赖，符合科研伦理 中"替代、减少、完善"的原则。不过，当前模型尺寸较大，若用于高通量药物测试，需进一步微型化以 适应多化合物并行实验的需求。 这项研究不仅为血液疾病机制探索提供了新工具，更标志着人类在体外模拟复杂器官功能领域迈出了关 键一步。未来，该技术或可拓展至个性化医疗领域。通过提取患者自身细胞构建专属骨髓模型，医生能 提前测试不同疗法的效果，为血癌患者定制最优治疗方案。团队强调，这一应用目前仍需克服技术瓶 颈，距离临床落地尚需时日。（记者张梦然） 瑞士巴塞尔大学研究团队在最新一期《细胞·干细胞》上发表了一项突破性成果：他们首次在实验室中 用人类细胞构建出高度仿真的三维骨髓组织模型。该模型完整复现了骨髓中血管、骨细胞、神经及免疫 细胞等复杂结构，为血癌研究、药物测试及替代动物试验提供了全新平台。 骨髓作为人体"血液工厂"，其内部由多种细胞构成的微环境对血 ...

Core Insights - A research team from the University of Basel has developed a highly realistic three-dimensional bone marrow tissue model using human cells, marking a significant advancement in the field of blood cancer research and drug testing [2][3] - The new model replicates the complex structures of bone marrow, including blood vessels, bone cells, nerves, and immune cells, providing a new platform for research that overcomes the limitations of traditional animal models and simplified two-dimensional cell cultures [2][4] Summary by Sections - **Research Breakthrough**: The model is constructed using hydroxyapatite as a scaffold combined with induced pluripotent stem cells, allowing for the cultivation of a three-dimensional bone marrow tissue that closely resembles human tissue in both cellular composition and spatial structure [2] - **Implications for Blood Cancer Research**: The model can maintain human blood generation activity for several weeks, offering a more accurate simulation of human hematopoiesis, which is crucial for disease modeling and drug screening [2][3] - **Ethical Considerations**: This system is expected to reduce reliance on animal testing in blood cancer research, aligning with the principles of "replacement, reduction, refinement" in scientific research ethics [2] - **Future Applications**: The technology may extend to personalized medicine, allowing for the creation of patient-specific bone marrow models to test various therapies, although technical challenges remain before clinical application can be realized [3][4] - **Potential Impact on Biomedical Research**: This advancement represents a milestone in regenerative medicine and translational research, potentially addressing ethical dilemmas and time constraints in drug development [4]

Core Insights - A research team from the University of Basel has developed a highly realistic 3D bone marrow tissue model using human cells, which replicates the complex structures found in bone marrow, providing a new platform for blood cancer research, drug testing, and reducing reliance on animal testing [1][2]. Group 1: Research and Development - The new model utilizes hydroxyapatite as a scaffold combined with induced pluripotent stem cells, allowing for the cultivation of a 3D bone marrow tissue that maintains human blood generation activity for several weeks [1]. - The model's dimensions are 8 millimeters in diameter and 4 millimeters in thickness, closely resembling the cellular composition and spatial structure of real human tissue [1]. Group 2: Implications for Medicine - This research marks a significant advancement in the field of regenerative medicine and translational research, potentially transforming disease research, high-throughput drug screening, and personalized treatment [2][3]. - The technology may enable the creation of personalized bone marrow models from patients' own cells, allowing doctors to test various therapies in advance to tailor optimal treatment plans for blood cancer patients [2]. Group 3: Ethical Considerations - The new model aligns with the ethical principles of "replacement, reduction, and refinement" in research, aiming to decrease the dependence on animal testing in blood cancer studies [1][3].