Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technology in achieving China's carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals, highlighting the need for sustainable development and policy support for CCUS implementation [1]. Summary by Sections Current Status of CCUS Technology - CCUS technology in China is categorized into three types: pre-combustion, oxy-fuel combustion, and post-combustion capture. Pre-combustion capture has high investment costs and complexity, with no industrial demonstration projects yet. Oxy-fuel combustion is still in the experimental stage, while post-combustion capture, particularly chemical absorption, is the most widely used method [2]. - Carbon storage technologies include deep saline aquifer storage, depleted oil and gas reservoir storage, and deep-sea storage. Deep saline aquifers have the highest potential due to their proximity to emission sources, with several projects in regions like Yulin and Ordos demonstrating a storage capacity of around 100,000 tons per year [2]. Utilization of CO2 - CO2 utilization methods are divided into geological, chemical, biological, and physical uses. Enhanced oil recovery and uranium in-situ leaching are the most mature geological utilization techniques in China, with several demonstration projects established [3]. - Chemical utilization includes mature technologies like urea and sodium bicarbonate production, while other methods, such as methanol production, are still in research stages. Biological utilization through microalgae cultivation is commercialized, while greenhouse gas fertilization is still in demonstration phases [3]. Challenges Facing CCUS Technology - High application costs are a significant barrier to the large-scale commercialization of CCUS technologies in China, with costs for various capture methods ranging from 70 to 400 yuan per ton. The mismatch between costs and benefits hampers the development of a mature business model, leading to reliance on state-owned enterprises for project implementation [4]. - Pollution risks exist in the carbon capture process, particularly with chemical absorbents that can release gases and create secondary pollution if not disposed of properly [4]. Policy Support and Standards - Despite over 100 CCUS-related policies in China, most are non-binding and lack incentives. There is a need for mandatory policies similar to those in other countries that require new coal power plants to implement CCUS technology [5]. - The absence of fiscal incentives, such as tax breaks or subsidies for companies implementing CCUS, and the lack of comprehensive energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emission standards hinder the development of CCUS technology [5]. Recommendations for CCUS Development - A comprehensive assessment of different CCUS technology routes is necessary to ensure sustainable development and minimize environmental risks. This includes evaluating resource and environmental impacts alongside economic and social benefits [6][7]. - Establishing clear ecological and environmental standards for CCUS technologies is crucial, including energy consumption limits and pollution prevention measures throughout the carbon capture, transport, and storage processes [8]. - A supportive management mechanism for CCUS technology should be developed, including expanding carbon emission control coverage, implementing carbon taxes with incentives for CCUS adopters, and enhancing financial support for CCUS projects [9].