中化新网讯 近日，挪威北极光合资企业签发了全球首批二氧化碳封存认证证书，正式记录并认证了自 今年8月开始注入北海海底储层的二氧化碳已被永久封存。这批证书详细载明了从海德堡材料公司水泥 厂捕获的二氧化碳的运输量和最终封存量。 该公司董事总经理表示，可信的碳核算对于新兴碳捕集与封存行业的公信力至关重要。北极光制定了完 整的监测、报告与核证程序，所有数据均记录在其设计的数字账本系统中，确保每份证书都能作为透明 且可验证的排放封存证明。 该项目通过100公里管道将二氧化碳输送至北海海床以下2600米处的奥罗拉海上储层进行封存。目前， 北极光项目正处理来自挪威两家工业企业的二氧化碳——海德堡材料的布雷维克水泥厂和哈夫斯隆·塞 尔西奥的奥斯陆垃圾发电厂。该项目还与挪威雅苒、丹麦沃旭和瑞典斯德哥尔摩能源公司签署了商业协 议，来自丹麦和荷兰的二氧化碳预计将于2026年开始接收。 北极光合资企业由Equinor、壳牌和道达尔能源各持股三分之一，其第一期工程年封存能力为150万吨且 已满载。今年3月，合作伙伴已就投资7.13亿美元的第二期扩建作出最终投资决定，预计到2028年将二 氧化碳运输和封存能力提升至每年至少500万吨。 ...

Core Points - The world's first full-chain carbon capture and storage (CCS) project, known as "Longship," has commenced commercial operations in Norway, marking a significant breakthrough in the field of carbon capture and storage [1][2] - The project has a total investment of 34 billion Norwegian Krone (approximately 3.38 billion USD) and aims to sequester 1.5 million tons of CO2 annually by 2028, increasing to 5 million tons thereafter [2][3] Investment and Funding - The Norwegian government has provided approximately 22 billion Norwegian Krone (2.19 billion USD) in subsidies for the construction and operation of the project, while the EU has allocated 131 million Euros (150 million USD) as part of its climate strategy [3] - The project is a collaboration between the Norwegian state oil company, Shell, and TotalEnergies, with Chinese shipbuilding companies involved in constructing the CO2 transport vessels [3] Technical and Operational Aspects - The "Longship" project captures CO2 from a waste incineration plant and a cement factory in Oslo, transporting it to a seabed geological layer 2,600 meters deep for permanent storage [2][4] - Norway's geographical features and existing oil and gas infrastructure provide a significant potential for CO2 storage, estimated at around 700 billion tons [4][6] Government Support and Regulatory Framework - The Norwegian government has recognized the negative impacts of carbon emissions since 1991, implementing a carbon tax that has fostered the development of the CCS industry [4][5] - A dedicated government agency, Gassnova, has been established to oversee the CCS projects, ensuring effective coordination and risk management [8] Lessons for Other Countries - The "Longship" project serves as a model for other nations, demonstrating the importance of government investment in initiating projects and transitioning to commercial operations [7][8] - The project highlights the need for a comprehensive regulatory framework to build investor confidence and ensure sustainable development in the CCS sector [8]

Core Insights - The world's first full-chain carbon capture and storage (CCS) project, known as "Longship," has commenced commercial operations in Norway, marking a significant milestone in the CCS industry [1][3][4] - Norway's unique resources, geographical conditions, and financial strength have positioned it as a leader in advancing CCS projects, although operational and regulatory frameworks still require improvement [1][6] Investment and Financial Aspects - The "Longship" project has a total investment of 340 billion Norwegian Krone (approximately 33.8 billion USD), making it Norway's largest climate investment project to date [3][4] - The Norwegian government has provided around 220 billion Norwegian Krone (21.9 billion USD) in subsidies for construction and operation, while the EU has allocated 1.31 billion Euros (1.5 billion USD) to support the project [4][6] Technical and Operational Details - The project captures CO2 from a waste incineration plant and a cement factory in Oslo, transporting it via ship to a seabed geological layer for permanent storage at depths of 2,600 meters [3][4] - In its first phase, the project aims to sequester 1.5 million tons of CO2 annually, increasing to 5 million tons per year after 2028 [4][6] Strategic Partnerships and Future Prospects - The project is a collaboration between Equinor, Shell, and TotalEnergies, with Chinese shipbuilding companies involved in constructing the CO2 transport vessel [4][6] - The "Longship" project targets European companies in sectors like cement, steel, refining, and chemicals, indicating a broad commercial potential [10] Regulatory and Management Framework - The Norwegian government has established Gassnova, a state-owned enterprise, to oversee the CCS industry, ensuring effective risk management and coordination among various projects [10][11] - Despite significant government support, the regulatory framework for CCS still needs enhancement to build investor confidence and reduce operational costs [10][11]

Core Insights - The 2025 China International Mining Conference featured the release of the "Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Industry Development Report (2025)" which outlines the progress and future outlook of the CCS industry in China [1][2] - The report integrates theoretical exploration with practical case studies, combining domestic development status with beneficial international experiences, and emphasizes the need for policy support to accelerate the CCS industry in China [1] Group 1 - The report was jointly compiled by the China Geological Survey Development Research Center and the State Council Development Research Center, focusing on the entire CCS industry chain [1] - It highlights the importance of aligning the CCS industry with China's high-quality development goals and the dual carbon targets [1] - The conference served as a high-level platform for collaboration among government, industry, academia, and research sectors to discuss the future development of the CCS industry [2]

Core Points - Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry has signed a memorandum of cooperation with Malaysia's Ministry of Economy in the field of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) [1] - The memorandum aims to explore the potential for future cross-border CCS cooperation and to discuss necessary institutional arrangements between the two countries [1] - A joint committee will be established to initiate bilateral consultations, focusing on CCS-related discussions, policy exchanges, and enhancing technical cooperation in transportation technology [1] Summary by Sections Memorandum Details - The memorandum is not a formal agreement as required by the London Protocol for cross-border CO2 transport, but serves as a starting point for further discussions [1] - The memorandum will help clarify responsibilities and details related to CCS in future discussions [1] Background and Context - Preliminary discussions on establishing cross-border CO2 transport arrangements began in April 2023 [1] - Malaysia currently hosts three out of four advanced CCS projects overseas, which are part of nine major projects identified by Japan's state-owned organization, Japan Metals and Energy Security Organization [1] - These nine major projects aim to achieve an annual CO2 storage capacity of approximately 20 million tons in Japan and the Asia-Pacific region [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the urgent need for sustainable carbon sources to replace fossil fuels, emphasizing the potential of direct air capture technology and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) as a breakthrough in the energy sector [3][4][6]. Group 1: Industry Context - Fossil fuels have been the backbone of modern civilization for the past 200 years, but their extraction and combustion are unsustainable and contribute to climate change [2][5]. - The transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources is underway, but the chemical industry still relies heavily on carbon sources derived from fossil fuels [6][7]. - The concept of "Carbonology" aims to capture carbon dioxide from the air to create sustainable products, positioning air as a primary carbon source [6][24]. Group 2: Company Overview - The company "Carbonology," founded by Robin Ren, focuses on industrial-scale artificial photosynthesis to produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) from captured carbon dioxide [3][9]. - The first product to be developed is electronic sustainable aviation fuel (ESAF), with plans for pilot production by the end of the year [9][10]. - The company aims to scale up production and reduce costs, with a target of achieving significant output by 2026 [11][32]. Group 3: Market Opportunities - The European Union's ReFuelEU regulation sets ambitious targets for sustainable aviation fuel, creating a substantial market opportunity for companies like Carbonology [25][26]. - The global aviation fuel market consumes approximately 400 million tons annually, with a significant portion of that demand coming from China [26]. - The company believes that capturing carbon from the air and converting it into valuable products can create a viable business model, unlike traditional carbon sequestration methods [20][24]. Group 4: Technological and Economic Considerations - The cost of capturing carbon and producing sustainable fuels is decreasing due to advancements in technology and the declining costs of renewable energy [28][29]. - The company emphasizes the importance of using renewable energy sources to ensure that the carbon capture process remains sustainable [31]. - The ultimate goal is to achieve a cost structure that allows sustainable products to compete with traditional fossil fuels, potentially leading to a paradigm shift in energy production [33].

Investment Rating - The report does not specify an explicit investment rating for the industry [2] Core Insights - The State Administration of Foreign Exchange has initiated a pilot program for green foreign debt in 16 provinces and cities, encouraging non-financial enterprises to use cross-border financing for green or low-carbon transformation projects [12] - The European Central Bank President warned against diluting the requirements for sustainable development reporting, emphasizing the importance of maintaining robust regulations to manage climate risks in the financial system [20] - The issuance of ESG bonds in China has reached 3,635, with a total outstanding amount of 5.59 trillion RMB, where green bonds account for 61.81% of the total [29] - The market for ESG public funds consists of 914 products with a total net asset value of 10,222.16 billion RMB, with ESG strategy products making up 50.32% of the total [35] - Major ESG indices have shown positive growth, with the WanDe All A Sustainable ESG index increasing by 35.32% over the past year [42] Summary by Sections Domestic Highlights - The State Administration of Foreign Exchange has launched a green foreign debt pilot in 16 provinces, promoting the use of funds for green projects [12] - The China Sustainable Aviation Fuel Industry Alliance was established, with a dedicated policy for SAF development, planning to invest over 100 million RMB in three years [14] International Highlights - The European Central Bank's President cautioned against reducing sustainable reporting requirements, which could hinder the management of climate risks [20] - BlackRock's GIP is set to acquire a 49.99% stake in Eni's carbon capture business, part of a broader strategy to fund these operations [21] ESG Financial Products Tracking - As of August 23, 2025, 3,635 ESG bonds have been issued in China, with a total issuance amount of 12,541 billion RMB in the past year [29] - The market has 914 ESG public fund products, with a total net asset value of 10,222.16 billion RMB [35] - The total number of ESG bank wealth management products stands at 1,075, with pure ESG products making up 55.44% of the total [41] Index Tracking - Major ESG indices have shown positive performance, with the WanDe All A Sustainable ESG index increasing by 4.22% recently [42] Expert Opinions - The report highlights the potential for banks to innovate in personal green finance, such as through carbon accounts and green consumption initiatives [43]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technology in achieving China's carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals, highlighting the need for sustainable development and policy support for CCUS implementation [1]. Summary by Sections Current Status of CCUS Technology - CCUS technology in China is categorized into three types: pre-combustion, oxy-fuel combustion, and post-combustion capture. Pre-combustion capture has high investment costs and complexity, with no industrial demonstration projects yet. Oxy-fuel combustion is still in the experimental stage, while post-combustion capture, particularly chemical absorption, is the most widely used method [2]. - Carbon storage technologies include deep saline aquifer storage, depleted oil and gas reservoir storage, and deep-sea storage. Deep saline aquifers have the highest potential due to their proximity to emission sources, with several projects in regions like Yulin and Ordos demonstrating a storage capacity of around 100,000 tons per year [2]. Utilization of CO2 - CO2 utilization methods are divided into geological, chemical, biological, and physical uses. Enhanced oil recovery and uranium in-situ leaching are the most mature geological utilization techniques in China, with several demonstration projects established [3]. - Chemical utilization includes mature technologies like urea and sodium bicarbonate production, while other methods, such as methanol production, are still in research stages. Biological utilization through microalgae cultivation is commercialized, while greenhouse gas fertilization is still in demonstration phases [3]. Challenges Facing CCUS Technology - High application costs are a significant barrier to the large-scale commercialization of CCUS technologies in China, with costs for various capture methods ranging from 70 to 400 yuan per ton. The mismatch between costs and benefits hampers the development of a mature business model, leading to reliance on state-owned enterprises for project implementation [4]. - Pollution risks exist in the carbon capture process, particularly with chemical absorbents that can release gases and create secondary pollution if not disposed of properly [4]. Policy Support and Standards - Despite over 100 CCUS-related policies in China, most are non-binding and lack incentives. There is a need for mandatory policies similar to those in other countries that require new coal power plants to implement CCUS technology [5]. - The absence of fiscal incentives, such as tax breaks or subsidies for companies implementing CCUS, and the lack of comprehensive energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emission standards hinder the development of CCUS technology [5]. Recommendations for CCUS Development - A comprehensive assessment of different CCUS technology routes is necessary to ensure sustainable development and minimize environmental risks. This includes evaluating resource and environmental impacts alongside economic and social benefits [6][7]. - Establishing clear ecological and environmental standards for CCUS technologies is crucial, including energy consumption limits and pollution prevention measures throughout the carbon capture, transport, and storage processes [8]. - A supportive management mechanism for CCUS technology should be developed, including expanding carbon emission control coverage, implementing carbon taxes with incentives for CCUS adopters, and enhancing financial support for CCUS projects [9].

Core Insights - Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is crucial for achieving net-zero emissions, particularly in hard-to-abate sectors like steel, cement, and chemicals [2] - The U.S. has historically led global CCS development through substantial subsidies and tax incentives, particularly the 45Q tax credit under the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), which offers up to $85 per ton for underground storage and $180 per ton for direct air capture (DAC) projects [2][3] - Recent political uncertainties in the U.S. threaten the future of CCS incentives, with over $14 billion in clean energy investments reportedly stalled due to concerns over potential legislative changes [3] U.S. CCS Landscape - Despite strong interest and technical expertise in CCS, political changes have created significant uncertainty, leading to project cancellations and delays [3] - The market's enthusiasm for CCS remains high, but the instability in the regulatory framework complicates long-term investment commitments [3] European CCS Strategy - Europe is adopting a regulatory-driven approach, exemplified by the recent Net Zero Industry Act, which mandates oil and gas companies to jointly develop and store at least 50 million tons of CO2 annually by 2030 [3][4] - This shift marks a fundamental departure from the U.S. model, as Europe is moving away from voluntary market signals to enforceable legal obligations, positioning CCS as a key pillar of its industrial decarbonization strategy [4] - The European Union is accelerating project approvals and unlocking funding mechanisms through its emissions trading system (EU ETS), providing a stable investment environment for CCS infrastructure [4] Comparative Analysis - The contrasting approaches of the U.S. and Europe highlight a dynamic shift in global CCS leadership, with the U.S. facing potential slowdowns due to policy uncertainties, while Europe establishes a more predictable regulatory framework [4] - Europe's mandatory development of storage capacity ensures infrastructure support for decarbonization efforts across multiple industries, positioning it as an emerging hub for CCS innovation [4]