Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent scientific experiments being conducted aboard the Chinese space station, particularly focusing on the new cell samples sent with the Shenzhou-20 mission, which aim to explore the effects of microgravity on various cell types and their interactions [1][3][5]. Group 1: Experiment Details - The Shenzhou-20 mission includes three types of cells aimed at studying their behavior in a microgravity environment, with a focus on maintaining the cells in a dormant state during transport to minimize environmental responses [3]. - The experiments target the mechanisms of thrombosis formation in astronauts, utilizing co-cultures of myocardial and endothelial cells to observe their interactions under weightlessness [5]. - A novel experiment combines three types of brain region cells (cortex, thalamus, and cerebellum) to investigate their interactions from a motor function perspective in microgravity [5]. Group 2: Previous Research and Innovations - Prior to this mission, China has sent 19 different cell types and artificial vascular chips to space, conducting 22 cell biology experiments that have led to innovative results in various health issues, including osteoporosis and cardiovascular function decline [7]. - The new cell biology studies aboard the space station are expected to contribute to public health, similar to previous research outcomes that have provided platforms for addressing health challenges [7].