Group 1 - The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) has been enhancing its health cooperation mechanisms over the years, guided by the "Shanghai Spirit" which emphasizes mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diverse civilizations, and common development [1] - The SCO has established a series of specialized mechanisms, including health ministerial meetings and health emergency response meetings, to institutionalize health cooperation among member states [1] - China plays a significant role in promoting health cooperation within the SCO, contributing to the improvement of public health levels and the well-being of citizens in member countries, as well as advancing the "Health Silk Road" initiative [1] Group 2 - The global health governance system is undergoing profound changes, making the sustainable development of health services and the construction of a human health community more urgent than ever [2] - The SCO's deepening health cooperation is significant as it maintains close ties with international organizations like the UN and WHO, facilitating collective efforts in global public health governance [2] - Future areas for deepening health cooperation among SCO member states include enhancing information sharing and joint response mechanisms for health emergencies, promoting experience exchange among healthcare professionals, and leveraging traditional medicine for talent development and academic collaboration [2]