Core Viewpoint - The article discusses Japan's recent export controls on semiconductor-related items, which significantly impact China's semiconductor industry, particularly in the area of photolithography materials where Japan holds a dominant position [1][3][15]. Group 1: Japan's Dominance in Semiconductor Materials - Japan holds over 75% market share in photolithography materials, with Tokyo Ohka Kogyo being a major contributor [3]. - Japanese companies lead in silicon wafers and photomask substrates, creating a monopoly in these critical areas [5]. - Japan's established supply chain and quality control in photolithography materials give it a competitive edge over China [9][11]. Group 2: Impact on China's Semiconductor Industry - China's low domestic production rate of high-end photolithography materials, particularly EUV photolithography, hampers its technological advancement [7]. - The reliance on imported materials makes China vulnerable to supply chain disruptions from Japan [9]. - Japan's export controls are seen as a significant blow to China's semiconductor ambitions, potentially stalling its progress in the industry [15][27]. Group 3: Geopolitical Context - Japan's actions are perceived as aligning with U.S. interests in suppressing China's semiconductor development [17][21]. - The article highlights the historical context of U.S.-Japan relations and Japan's willingness to cooperate with the U.S. despite past grievances [19][25]. - The geopolitical landscape is complicated by tensions with neighboring countries, which further impacts China's semiconductor strategy [31]. Group 4: China's Response and Future Prospects - China is focusing on domestic innovation and has made strides in semiconductor material development, including recent patents related to photolithography [31][40]. - Companies like Ba Yi Shi Kong are achieving breakthroughs in photolithography resin production, indicating progress in domestic capabilities [34][36]. - The article emphasizes the importance of building a complete industrial ecosystem to support China's semiconductor industry and reduce reliance on foreign technology [40][42].

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