Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the tax benefits for financial institutions providing agricultural and small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) loans, emphasizing the importance of promoting inclusive finance through tax deductions for loan losses [1][4]. Summary by Sections Agricultural Loans - Agricultural loans are defined as loans to farmers and rural enterprises, with specific criteria for what constitutes a farmer [2][8]. - Financial institutions can deduct loan losses for agricultural loans that are overdue for more than one year and cannot be recovered, with different rules based on the loan amount [1][3]. SME Loans - SME loans refer to loans to enterprises with annual sales and total assets not exceeding 20 million yuan [2][8]. - Similar to agricultural loans, financial institutions can deduct losses from SME loans that meet certain criteria [3][9]. Tax Deduction Rules - Financial institutions can deduct loan loss provisions from taxable income based on the risk classification of loans, with specific percentages for different categories: 2% for "watch" loans, 25% for "substandard" loans, 50% for "doubtful" loans, and 100% for "loss" loans [5][7]. Policy Framework - The article references several policy documents that provide the legal basis for these tax deductions, including notices from the Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration [6][12][18]. Implementation Timeline - The tax benefits for small loans to farmers and SMEs are set to be effective until December 31, 2027, highlighting the government's commitment to supporting these sectors [10][16]. Eligibility Criteria - To qualify for these tax benefits, financial institutions must meet specific conditions, including achieving loan growth targets set by regulatory authorities [20][21].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the success story of a grape farming cooperative in Sichuan, showcasing how financial support from Postal Savings Bank has enabled local farmers to overcome challenges and achieve significant production growth. Group 1: Challenges Faced - The cooperative faced initial challenges including technical difficulties, unpredictable weather, and high initial investment costs of over 30,000 yuan per acre [3] - In a particularly severe year, 80% of the grape crop was lost due to adverse weather conditions [3] Group 2: Financial Support and Growth - Postal Savings Bank provided an initial loan of 80,000 yuan to help the cooperative address immediate financial needs [3] - The bank later increased the loan amount to 500,000 yuan, streamlining the approval process and reducing the disbursement time from 5 days to 24 hours [4] - This financial support allowed the cooperative to introduce quality grape varieties and professional equipment, leading to the establishment of a large-scale grape base that employs over 100 local villagers [4] Group 3: Production and Economic Impact - The cooperative now produces 300,000 pounds of Giant Peak grapes and 120,000 pounds of Sunshine Rose grapes annually, significantly improving the livelihoods of local residents [6] - Postal Savings Bank's support extends beyond financial assistance, utilizing its e-commerce platform "Youle Purchase" to enhance the distribution of agricultural products [6] Group 4: Ongoing Support and Adaptation - In response to this year's high temperatures affecting grape yields, the bank has implemented measures such as lowering loan interest rates and offering no-repayment loans to alleviate farmers' financial burdens [6] - The bank's customer managers actively engage with farmers to provide updated loan policies and support, demonstrating a commitment to the growth and sustainability of the agricultural sector [6][8]