Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the changing dynamics of population movement and economic conditions in China, particularly focusing on the decline of county-level cities and the implications for real estate investment [1][5]. Group 1: Population Movement - There has been a significant shift in population movement patterns, with individuals returning to their hometowns or lower-tier cities instead of moving to higher-tier cities, which was common in the past [2][3]. - The influx of people returning to lower-tier cities has created a temporary economic boost, but this is not sustainable as it relies on one-time wealth effects rather than ongoing income growth [4][6]. Group 2: Real Estate Market - The real estate market in many county-level cities is facing challenges due to population decline and lack of job opportunities, leading to stagnant or declining property values [1][8]. - The article suggests that while some county-level cities may maintain stable prices, the overall trend indicates a decrease in investment attractiveness for real estate in these areas [7][8]. Group 3: Economic Conditions - The article posits that the economic downturn driven by the real estate sector is nearing its end, and a shift towards new economic growth is expected, although this may not immediately benefit lower-tier cities [5][6]. - The long-term trend suggests that population density and economic efficiency will continue to favor higher-tier cities, leading to a potential resurgence in their economic activity [6].