Core Viewpoint - The aerospace and semiconductor suppliers in the U.S. are facing a severe shortage of rare earth elements, particularly yttrium and scandium, which is impacting their ability to fulfill orders [1] Group 1: Yttrium Shortage - Yttrium is critical for coatings that prevent engines and turbines from melting at high temperatures, and without these coatings, engines cannot operate [1] - Since November of last year, the price of yttrium has increased by approximately 60%, currently standing at 69 times its price from a year ago [1] - Some coating manufacturers have begun to implement material rationing due to the yttrium shortage, leading to temporary production halts for two North American companies that purchase yttrium for coating production [1] Group 2: Scandium Shortage - Scandium, essential for semiconductor manufacturers in the U.S., is also nearing depletion [1] - Major U.S. semiconductor manufacturers rely on scandium for chip components, which are used in virtually every 5G smartphone and base station [1]