Core Viewpoint - The China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) has issued supplementary material requirements for 12 companies, including HaiMa Cloud, which is preparing for an IPO on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. The CSRC has requested clarifications on the company's capital structure, control rights, and business operations [1][2][3]. Group 1: Company Background and IPO Process - HaiMa Cloud has submitted its IPO application to the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, with CICC and China Merchants Jinling International as joint sponsors [1]. - The CSRC has requested HaiMa Cloud to clarify its historical evolution, including any shareholding arrangements and compliance with regulations regarding shareholding changes [2]. Group 2: Capital Structure - HaiMa Cloud has seen significant changes in its shareholder structure, including the entry and exit of investors within a short timeframe, raising questions about the rationale behind the varying share prices and potential conflicts of interest [2]. - The company has multiple state-owned shareholders, and the CSRC has asked for updates on the identification of state-owned shares [2]. Group 3: Control Rights - The termination of certain special shareholder rights upon listing may significantly impact the company's control structure, particularly regarding voting rights [2]. - The potential decrease in voting power for a key shareholder post-IPO raises questions about the implications for control [2]. Group 4: Business Operations - HaiMa Cloud is recognized as the largest GPU as a Service (GPUaaS) provider for real-time cloud rendering in China, holding a market share of 17.9% in the cloud gaming sector [4]. - The company provides services across various industries, including gaming, digital entertainment, and education, supported by proprietary software and hardware [4]. Group 5: Financial Performance - HaiMa Cloud reported revenues of approximately 290 million RMB, 337 million RMB, and 520 million RMB for the years 2022, 2023, and 2024, respectively [4]. - The company has experienced losses of approximately 246 million RMB, 218 million RMB, and 186 million RMB during the same periods [4].

Core Insights - Real-time cloud rendering is an emerging rendering method based on rapid advancements in cloud computing, virtualization, and rendering engines, enabling high-quality video streaming of complex 2D or 3D graphics in real-time [1][2][7] - The global real-time cloud rendering market is projected to grow from $1.595 billion in 2020 to $4.03 billion by 2024, achieving a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 26% [7][9] - In China, the market is expected to reach 8 billion yuan in 2024, with a year-on-year growth of 45.5%, significantly outpacing the global market [9] Market Overview - Real-time cloud rendering enhances user experiences across various sectors, including entertainment, film, tourism, architecture, social interaction, and office applications, as well as cutting-edge fields like the metaverse and digital twins [1][9] - The service is categorized into three main applications: cloud gaming, cloud-native, and other scenarios, with cloud gaming being the primary application due to its established industry framework and large user base [11][13] Competitive Landscape - The real-time cloud rendering market consists of independent rendering cloud vendors and cloud computing providers, each offering different capabilities and solutions [13] - Independent vendors, like Ruiyun Technology, provide platforms compatible with multiple computing resources, while cloud computing firms, such as Alibaba Cloud, offer integrated "compute + render" platforms but with limited application support [13] Business Model - Various pricing models exist for cloud rendering services, including billing by duration, frame count, or node count, with many platforms adopting a dual-track pricing model based on configuration and time [15] Industry Trends - The real-time cloud rendering market is evolving towards large-scale, diversified, and specialized services, driven by the increasing complexity of application scenarios and the demand for high-quality rendering [19] - Enhanced infrastructure capabilities are necessary to meet the growing demands for computing power, storage speed, and network bandwidth [20] - The integration of artificial intelligence with real-time cloud rendering is improving rendering quality and system responsiveness, enhancing user interaction [21] - The industry ecosystem is expanding, attracting more participants and driving growth, although many applications are still in early development stages [22]