Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of recognizing the material aspects of intangible cultural heritage (ICH), arguing that neglecting these aspects can hinder the understanding and preservation of ICH [4][16]. Group 1: Definition and Characteristics of ICH - ICH is defined as practices, performances, expressions, knowledge, skills, and related tools, artifacts, and cultural spaces recognized by communities [6]. - The distinction between intangible and tangible heritage is crucial for understanding the unique characteristics of ICH [3][4]. Group 2: Material Evidence of ICH - The materiality of ICH is evident in three main aspects: historical evidence, tools and related artifacts, and material outcomes [6][8]. - Historical documentation and physical artifacts are often scarce, leading to reliance on oral histories, which can be unreliable [8][9]. Group 3: Tools and Artifacts in ICH - Tools and artifacts are essential for expressing and transmitting ICH, as they are integral to the techniques and practices involved [11]. - The preservation of historical tools and artifacts is critical, as many have been discarded over time due to their practical use [11][12]. Group 4: Material Outcomes of ICH - ICH can be presented in two forms: process-oriented (performances, rituals) and result-oriented (artworks, crafts) [12][14]. - The material outcomes of ICH, such as sculptures and ceramics, are often undervalued and at risk of being lost if not properly preserved [14][15]. Group 5: Importance of Aesthetic Appreciation - Understanding the aesthetic value of ICH is essential for its preservation, as each form of ICH possesses unique beauty that contributes to its significance [15]. - The loss of regional beauty in ICH could lead to its decline, highlighting the need for a comprehensive appreciation of its value [15]. Group 6: Research and Preservation Efforts - There is a call for dedicated research and documentation of the material aspects of ICH, emphasizing the need for systematic protection efforts [16]. - Establishing reliable archives and museums for ICH materials is crucial for their preservation and study [16].